Test 1 Political Geography

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Bowie State University *

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Geography

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Apr 3, 2024

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Test #1: Do not delete any of the questions, type out your answers under each question. Textbook Questions Answer your questions beneath each question below do not delete the questions. Each question is worth 5 points and the answers should be at least a paragraph or more. As instructed on the syllabus email your test on the due date. All the best. Prologue 1). According to the textbook what is geopolitics? Geopolitics is the study of how geography affects politics and international relations. Analysts use factors such as organizations, companies, individuals, and national governments that carryout political, economic, and financial situations. In addition to how communities react with one another based off geographic location and circumstances. Geopolitics is a staple in how communities form and organize relationships in addition to carryout activities. 2). Discuss the connections between geopolitics and human geography. Geopolitics and Human Geography are connected due to geography having a strong influence on international relations and geopolitics which can be affected by the physical features of the earth/environment, human interaction, as well as the planetary environment. Human geography goes hand and hand with geopolitics. For example, the borders in the middle east can be very dangerous for a certain demographic of people whereas nations often fight over resources such as oil, water, etc which is all caused by one nation wanting to be fully in control of their respective home area while others can be a stones throw away and not affected by warfare or hardship at all. Another example is the current chaos going on between Israel attacks on Palestine, the lands are quite literally connected but that does not stop Israeli militia from invading Palestinian borders and mutilating children.

3). Discuss the history of geopolitics and contributions made by scholars mentioned. The founders of geopolitics Kjellen, Haushofer, MacKinder and others all focused on the study of the effects of Earth’s geography on politics and international relations. They laid the foundation to facilitate a better understanding of global issues related to territory which could be a source of conflict. These thinkers introduced the ideas of border/territorial acknowledgements, climate agreements, trade agreements, and war treaties etc. All 3 individuals were pivotal in molding the future of geopolitics for all to learn about. 4). Discuss the differences between classical, critical, and feminist geopolitics. Classical geopolitics is unique because it focuses not on power but how power is distributed and constructed in specific places. Critical geopolitics has its own approach which analyzes arguments about power and place which can expand to why a place should be made secure and why other nations and processes could be viewed as a possible threat. Feminist geopolitics focuses on the empowering and support of women and their interactions allover the world in addition to shedding a light on how women are treated in different geographical locations compared to home. Chapter 1 1). Why are places in the world unique and interconnected? Places in the world are unique and interconnected because this generation of people is focused on building a better earth through respecting each other and collaboration. Interconnectedness is the way that people, nature, and objects interact with one another to form a whole. There are unique places in the world because regardless of geographical location every person has free will allowing them to make their place as different as they want it. With media, politics, social media and political influence every humans’ message can be conveyed to anyone in hopes of making the world more interconnected.

2). Explain how geopolitics involves interaction between territorial entities and networks. Geopolitics plays a key role because territorial entities interact based off their geographical location and networking opportunities. Israel is currently in the midst of a power struggle with the citizens of Palestine claiming thousands of innocent lives in the process. Without geopolitics no allies would be able to identify what is going on and decided whether to interject and provide assistance to the best of their abilities. Networks are used to find like minded nations who can be of value at the moment as well as for future endeavors. Territorial entities can be an aggressive nation who only has their best interest to focus on at the expense of neighbors. 3). What is meant by structure and agency in geopolitics? Agency within geopolitics the capacity of individuals to act independently in addition to making their own free choices. In a way this is the opposite of structure because it entails the recurrent patterned arrangements that can influence as well as limit the choices and opportunities available to people. Both are significant components of political science that vary from a nation/people’s geographical location. 4). Discuss the various forms of power that underlie geopolitics. The various forms of power that play a key role in the foundation of geopolitics are material, relational and ideological. Material power looks at things through a scope to define power and what would make a country powerful would be if it has a strong military, strong economy, and a smart population. Focus is that material power is the power of a geographical entity. Relational power defines a country’s power to apply material power into networking relationships with other countries. Ideological power focuses on using the power to get others to do what you want. It entails getting countries to support you without having them consider another option because of your power. Chapter 2 1). What did you gather from the section titled “Geopolitical codes”?

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