Unit 7 Written Assignment

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Geography

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Apr 3, 2024

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Drought and rainstorms on Daphne Major Island impacted the population of medium around finches. 1. Seed availability was a selective pressure on the medium ground finches. Explain how genetic variation in the population prevented the species from going extinct on the island during the drought. Which individuals survived and why? The genetic variation in the population prevented the species from going instinct because the species were able to adapt to the harsher environment from the mutations in their beaks. The individuals with beaks that were smaller in size survived because they were able to reach harder places to gather and consume seeds opposed to those who had larger beaks. 2. Describe how the scientists, Rosemary and Peter Grant, gathered measurement data about finches on the island. The scientists Rosemary and Peter gathered data by using artificially made birds and by making observations and gaining information. 3. How did the El Nino of 1983 change the island's habitat for the finches? El Nino brought a significant amount of rain to the island so much so that there was a huge increase in vegetation, and it changed the environment; however, this led to a drought a couple years later which harmed the finches. 4. Which finches were "selected to survive" this new change to the island habitat? Explain why they were able to succeed. The finches that survived the new environment in the habitat were the finches that had smaller beaks and because they had them, they were able to access more food such as seeds and eat compared to those with larger beaks. Bird Song Communication 1. How does bird song play a role in attracting a mate among the Daphne Major Island finches that the Grants studied? The bird song played a role because it was able to attract their specific species and no one else and this helped with mating. 2. Describe how the scientists gathered the data for their specific bird song study on Daphne Major Island? Scientists used artificially made female birds and started playing the bird songs on a speaker to observe how male birds would react and they gathered that data. Which Scenario Is More Likely?

1. Is it more likely that multiple populations of distinct species originally arrived at the islands from the mainland? Or is it more likely that one population of one species originally arrived at the islands? I believe it is more likely that that one population of one species orginally arrived at the islands. 2. What evidence do we have to support the conclusion? The studies conducted by scientists show how many of the species had to adapt to the changes in their environment and they are all similar in a way. 3. When can a population descend from another population finally be recognized as a new species? Once a species develops a distinctive trait as opposed to another species, this can be considered the transformation of one species to another. Rock Pocket Mice Study 1. How did the habitat for this rock pocket mouse population change? The habitat changed by the sand being darkened by the lava and this causes the pocket mice to no longer be able to camouflage into the sand, allowing predators to find them more easily. 2. What effect does this change have on the frequency of the light-colored genetic code in the mouse population? Over time, this caused their genetic code to change in order to survive better and from this, the mice ’s fur evolved darker in color and were able to blend in better to the darker color sand. 3. Can the individual mice choose to transform their light brown fur color to dark fur to blend into the ground color? No, Mice do not have the ability to change it on their own will; there would have to be a change in their habitat that would cause their bodies to evolve in order to survive.

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