Geog3561_5561_F23_Lab01

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Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps Lab 01 ArcGIS Intro I - Using ArcGIS Pro Due on: Sep. 19 th - Sep. 20 th , available until Sep. 22 nd GENERAL INFO Complete the lab exercises described below. Use the study questions written in italics to help reinforce your understanding. If you are uncertain about the answer for any of the study questions, ask your TA for help. You do not need to hand in answers to the study questions. When you have worked through all the lab exercises, answer the questions in the Answer Sheet . Save your completed homework questions as a new Word or PDF document , name it according to the course convention and submit it to Canvas. Make sure to include the day of your lab section (T or W) your last name, and “Lab01” in the file name (ex. “T_Song_Lab01”). INTRODUCTION ArcGIS Pro is a powerful, single desktop GIS application of Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), Inc. of Redlands, CA. It has been widely used in government agencies, academic institutions and business organizations for applications in land and resource management, environmental and scientific modeling, public safety and law enforcement, transportation and utilities, and market analysis and business planning. Because of the huge installation base of ESRI products in all GIS application areas, it is important for students to be proficient in using this particular software. ArcGIS Pro improves the GIS experience by assisting ArcGIS for Desktop to perform faster and is used to create and analyze data in 2D and 3D. The brand new 64-bit desktop application is an essential upgrade for the ArcMap in developing and analyzing spatial data. LEARNING OBJECTIVES ArcGIS Pro is a comprehensive and multipurpose software. It is practically impossible for you to master all its functions within a couple laboratory sessions. This laboratory assignment is designed to provide you with the fundamental knowledge and skills that will enable you to start using this particular software. You should be able to gradually build up your proficiency in using ArcGIS Pro by working through the laboratory exercises at later stages of this course. This lab assignment is designed to help you: 1) Start and end an ArcGIS Pro session; 2) Understand basic ArcGIS Pro terminologies; 3) Get familiar with the ArcGIS Pro’s graphical user interface (GUI); 4) Learn how to load, manipulate and query geographic data to answer simple spatial questions.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps EXERCISES I. Set up a local working folder To save the work you do in the labs, you will need to use a USB flash drive, Google Drive, or similar storage option. In any case, while you are working on GIS projects in the lab, it will be faster and less complicated if you save your work in a temporary working folder on the “C” drive of the desktop. Problems can arise if you try to work directly from USB drives or Netfiles on Google Drive—so use them only to save your files periodically. Each time you log out, it will automatically clear files since it is a frozen storage environment. Thus, before you leave at the end of the lab session, you should copy the files you saved from your working folder to your drive of choice (Google Drive). Doing so will allow you to continue working on your assignment later and also ensures that you have a backup of your work (which is very important whenever working with ArcGIS software products) Therefore, before proceeding to work with ArcGIS Pro, first create a new folder on the desktop in which you can save your work temporarily: 1. Create a new folder on your desktop and name it based on your lab assignment. For example, Lab01 . 2. Folder address will be according to your U of M username naming the same as your U of M username (e.g. C:\Users\simp1234\Desktop\Lab01\ ). Note : This is where you'll put your lab data. 3. Download the data for this lab from your course Canvas page (the link labeled "Lab Data"). The data is contained within a ZIP archive and will need to be "unzipped" to be used. 4. Once you've downloaded the file, right click on it and select "Extract All". Enter your working folder - C:\Users\simp1234 \Desktop\Lab01\ - as the location to extract files to. Throughout this lab, we will call this the working folder . CAUTION: Do not work directly from a USB flash drive. Be sure to copy the data you will be working with onto whatever computer you are working on. Not only will this speed things up when using ArcGIS Pro, but it ensures that you have a backup copy of your data should something go away.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps II. Starting/ending an ArcGIS Pro session and getting help You can now move on to begin working with ArcGIS Pro. 1. Starting ArcGIS Pro: You start ArcGIS Pro by selecting Start > All Programs > ArcGIS > ArcGIS Pro. You will need to log in to your ArcGIS Online account to have access to our licensing portal. Every student has an ArcGIS Online account connected to their x500 ID. Upon opening ArcGIS Pro there will be a prompt in the top right corner of the window to sign into ArcGIS Online. Click Sign In. A login window will appear. Click Enterprise login below the username and password boxes. The next window will ask you to enter the organization’s URL. Enter “umn” into the box and press continue.
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Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps The next window will prompt you to sign in to the University of Minnesota’s organization account with your X.500. Click “UMN Internet ID” and a window will appear allowing you to sign in with your UMN information. Once you have signed in you will have access to all the ArcGIS Pro licenses available to the university. If you are having trouble, ask your lab instructor for help. 2. When the ArcGIS Pro window opens, under New Project , select Map . When the dialog box Create a New Project ” pops up, change the File Name to <initial of lab section day>_<your last name>__lab01 (for example, if David Harvey was in the Tuesday lab section, he would name his lab ‘T_Harvey_lab01’). Then Change the location to your working folder . Check the box next to “Create a new folder for this project” then click OK on the lower right corner of the window as illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps At this point, you should have the ArcGIS Pro open, with the Contents pane on the left, the Catalog pane on the right and a Map View area on the middle of the screen. 3. With the default setting, you should have a horizontal ribbon at the top of the application window to display and organize functionality into a series of tabs. Some of these tabs (core tabs) are always present. Others (contextual tabs) appear when the application is in a particular state. Under each tab, there are some groups. For some groups, there are Dialog box launchers opening panes or dialog boxes with more functionality. Try to move the cursor (without clicking) over each of the icons of tools in the ribbon. What do you see appear directly below the cursor as you move over each icon? (Note: Questions such as these that appear in italics are not graded, but are intended to help you think about the exercises in more depth) When learning to use a new software package, it is important for you to take advantage of the package’s “help” function to assist you in the learning process. To open the help, click the View Help button in the upper right corner of the application window. Here you can find out more about topics that interest you. Read through ArcGIS Pro help . What is the definition of a "Project" in ArcGIS Pro? Close the Help window when you are done. Whenever you're confused about something, try looking it up using the Search icon in the help window. 4. All data related to a map document are listed in the Contents pane. Right now, it has a Map with two default basemap layers. 5. At this point, you know how to start ArcGIS Pro. You should also have a basic understanding of what a map document is and what a shapefile is.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps III. Working with geographic data in ArcGIS Pro In this section, you will learn about ArcGIS Pro’s basic tools for loading, viewing, and querying data. 1. At first, you should add data to your project. In the Catalog pane, right click on Folders , then click on the Add Folder Connection then navigate to your Lab01 working folder and select it. Click OK. 2. After connection, you can see there is a Geodatabase (with a .gdb extension) in your folder. The name of the geodatabase is same as your project. ArcGIS Pro will automatically create a geodatabase in the same folder that stores the project file. It can be used to store spatial and non-spatial data. 3. Next you will find five files that are called country.shp , lakes.shp , and neighbors.shp , rivers.shp and USstates.shp in your folder as shown in Figure 2. These are five shapefiles of spatial data that represent different spatial features in the world. Figure 2 4. Add country.shp , lakes.shp and rivers.shp to your map document. Do this by either right clicking and selecting “Add to Current Map” (Figure 3) or by dragging and dropping. Figure 3 5. You can see the feature classes are added to the Contents pane as layers and displayed in the map view area. In the Contents pane, you’ll see the names of the layers in the view are displayed together with the symbols that represent them. To the left of each of the layers is a checkbox. Click on the checkboxes.
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Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps What happens in the view display area when you click the checkboxes? 6. Make sure all three layers are checked. Layers are displayed in the same order they appear in the Contents pane. That is to say, whatever layer is listed at the top of the table of contents will be displayed on top in the map. Try clicking and dragging the country layer to the top of the Contents pane. What happens? Notice that if your country layer is on the top of the lakes layer, the lakes will not be displayed because they are covered by the countries. To change that, click on lakes and drag it to a space above country in the Contents pane. Generally, it is recommended to have points at the top, followed by lines and polygons underneath. In order to see everything, your layers should be in the following order: rivers at the top, followed by lakes , and country on the bottom (see Figure 4). Figure 4 7. Since you have loaded the data, it is a good time to save your work. Click Project on the menu bar, and select Save Project . Or you can hold down “ Ctrl ” and press “ s ” on the keyboard to save your work. In the dialog box that pops up, first navigate to your working folder using the directory list on the right. Note that ArcGIS Pro will automatically assign an .aprx file extension to the file name, which indicates that the file is a Project file . 8. The colors used for your layers may not look "right". This is because when the feature classes are first loaded as layers, ArcGIS Pro assigns a color to each randomly. You can and should alter each layer’s symbology (fill color, outline width, and other aspects of appearance) after loading the data. 9. First, let's change the color of the rivers. In the Contents pane, click on the symbol for the rivers layer (a horizontal line). The Symbology pane appears. There are two tabs in the Symbology pane: Gallery and Properties . The Gallery tab enables you to select existing symbols for the feature. The Properties tab allows you to change the properties of the feature's appearance such as fill color, outline color and outline size, etc. 10. Click on Properties tab in the Symbology pane. Under the Appearance tab, change the color to Big Sky Blue and click Apply (Figure 5).
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps Figure 5 11. You should see the color of the rivers layer change on the map and in the Contents pane. Now, change the colors of the lakes and country layers by repeating the process described in 8. For lakes , choose Blue (Bright) (Figure 6). For country , pick fill and outline colors that are clear and distinct (for example, don't make the outline color for country blue, as it would be difficult to tell country boundaries apart from rivers). Figure 6 Now that you have adjusted the view to display the data appropriately, it is a good time to save your project again. Click the Save button in the Quick Access Toolbar . When you are working on an ArcGIS Pro project, it is a good practice to save your work frequently. What are the advantages of saving your map document from time to time, rather than saving it at the end of a session? The remaining steps in this section are designed to help you get familiarized with the icons under the Map tab.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 12. Now zoom to North America in the view you have just completed. Click the Explore in the Navigate group to make it highlighted in blue. Try the zoom in function on a map: Place your cursor near the NW corner of North America, scroll up your mouse wheel several times. Then try the zoom out function by placing the cursor somewhere inside the map and scroll down the mouse wheel several times. 13. If you find it hard to zoom back to the initial display of the view, you can use the Zoom to Full Extent in the Navigate group. 14. Click the Select icon in the Selection group and click on Japan. What happens to the coastlines of Japan? To get a better view of Japan, click on Zoom to Selection button in the Navigate group. Now Japan is a selected feature in the layer country . Later in the course we will learn how to perform different operations with selected features. Now, unselect everything by clicking on a "blank" part of the map. You may also click on the Clear button in the Selection group to unselect everything. 15. There are two buttons in the Navigate group. Click these two buttons. What is the difference between the functions of these two buttons and the Zoom In and Zoom Out steps that you performed in earlier processes? 16. Now try holding the Ctrl key down and scrolling the mouse wheel. What is different compared to scrolling the mouse wheel without the Ctrl key pressed down? 17. You can change your scale manually with the map scale box at the lower left of the map view. Type 1:10,000,000 or select it from the pull down menu. What is scale? What is the appropriate scale to view Ireland in a single screen? Also notice that the spatial coordinates of your cursor are displayed at the bottom of the ArcPro window. The coordinates are given in X,Y format, meaning longitude is listed first, followed by latitude. Move your cursor around and see how the coordinates shift. We will learn more about coordinate systems in Lab03 . 18. Zoom to the full extent of the map, again using this button . Click the Explore button, then click anywhere within the United States on the map. This step achieved the Identify function in ArcPro. What appears in the pop-up window?
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Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 19. The Explore button is also the tool for graphically querying a dataset. The data that appear in the Pop-up window are the attributes for the feature you clicked on. Click at other locations and see what happens to the contents of the attribute table. What is a “feature” in general? See if you can determine how to see the attributes for the state of Minnesota this way. Or for the Mississippi River. What happens if you click a point in the ocean area? Why? 20. You can view all of the features contained in a layer in its Attribute Table . Right click on lakes in the Contents pane, select Attribute Table (Figure 7). What appears in the window that pops up? Figure 7 21. The attribute table window will be docked at the bottom of the screen. Use the scroll bar to scroll the rows of the table up and down. When you see the name of a large lake like Lake Superior or Aral Sea, click on the grey area at the far left of the record (see image at right). What happens in the view area (zoom to full extent)? Close the attribute table for lakes . 22. ArcGIS Pro also provides a measurement tool for measuring distances in the View Area. Use it now to find the approximate distance between the southern tip of Florida and the southern tip of India. First click the Measure button in the Inquiry group. Then move the cursor to the southern tip of Florida and press the left mouse button once. Then move the cursor to the southern tip of India and double-click the mouse button to complete the measurement. The distance is given on the status bar at the upper left corner of the Map view. Why is the line curved? Try repeating the above measurement for other places around the earth and see what happens. Find out more about this by looking at the help. Search for “Measure”.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 23. It is probably more meaningful to measure the distance in a more conventional distance unit. Within the Measure status bar, click on the second drop down menu and then select “Miles” (Figure 8). Repeat the same measurement (it should be around 9,700 miles). Figure 8 24. Repeat the above process but do not double-click the mouse button at the second point. Click once and continue to move the cursor to another location and click the mouse button again. What happens to the distance value being displayed in the status bar? 25. Close ArcGIS Pro now so that you can practice once more the procedure for opening and closing ArcGIS Pro. Before you close an ArcGIS Pro session, remember to save your project. IV. More work with your ArcGIS Pro project In this section, you will learn how to open and work with multiple data frames and tables within the same ArcPro Project. 1. Start ArcGIS Pro. 2. When the ArcGIS Pro window opens, under Open a recent project , select your project that you saved in the last section. If your project is not in the recent file list, you can click on then browse to your project file. 3. Look in your Contents pane. The label Map above rivers, lakes, and country indicates the name of the map frame containing your layers. A map frame contains a set of layers defined by a specific geographic extent, coordinate system , and other display properties. You have only one map frame, titled ‘Map’ in your current project, but it's possible to work with multiple map frames in the same project. However, you can only view one map frame at a time in the view area under map view (our current view). In layout view , you can use multiple map frames to create a single map layout. It is particularly useful when you want to include inset maps in your final map output. If this seems confusing at the moment, don't worry! We'll cover this in further detail later in the course. Look in the Help to discover what is meant by coordinate system in a GIS context. Also, investigate “layouts” in the Help; we will be considering both of these at length in future labs.
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 4. To avoid confusion, rename the map frame Map , which contains the rivers , lakes , and country layers, as World : Double-click on Map in the Contents pane. Rename the map frame World with the name textbox under the General tab (see Figure 9). Click OK. Figure 9 5. Click Insert tab in the ribbon, then select New Map . A new map frame opened in the map view area (Figure 10). Figure 10 6. Note that the view area is now only containing the default basemap, as Map (instead of World) is your current map frame. Rename it North America as you did in Step 4. In the Catalog pane, expand Folders > Lab01 > data folder. Add neighbors.shp to the map frame “North America”. 7. Make use of the skills you learned in the previous section to change the fill color of the neighboring countries to light yellow. 8. Now add USstates.shp as a new layer, and change the fill color of the United States to light green. 9. Likewise, add lakes.shp to the same map frame, and color them appropriately. 10. Zoom in to the northern portion of Michigan's lower peninsula (Figure 11).
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Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps Figure 11 11. Notice that the lakes in the lakes layer do not neatly align with the boundaries of the States layer. It is very common when working with multiple GIS data layers for the boundaries that should be the same in each data layer to be somewhat different. Why might we expect that the boundaries in different GIS data layers will not be aligned? 12. You have now learned how to add a new map frame and will have two separate map frames embedded in the map view area. Click the Save button to save the project. V. Managing ArcGIS files Working with GIS often requires managing a number of different interlinked data files. Therefore, as you continue working with ArcGIS Pro, it will be very important to manage your files appropriately. In this section, you will create a new shapefile, move it to a different location on your computer, and then update your ArcGIS Pro project so that it links properly to the moved shapefile. 1. Using the data, you’ve added to the North America data frame, you can create a new shapefile that contains Minnesota and its neighboring states. To get a better view, zoom in on the region around Minnesota. 2. To make sure you only select features in the State layer, right-click on the USstates layer in the Contents pane and choose Selection > Make this the only selectable layer . 3. Click on the small arrow just under the Select icon, and choose Lasso (Figure 12). Figure 12
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 4. Use this selection tool to select Minnesota and its neighboring states (North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, and Wisconsin). It may take a couple of attempts (if you want to start fresh, click the Clear button ). You can do this by moving the cursor into North Dakota, pressing the mouse button down, and moving the cursor to draw a circle that overlaps the five states you want to select. As you can probably surmise, there are other ways to select these features (by rectangle, by circle, etc.). You can, for example, simply click on each state while holding the shift key down. 5. Now, export the selected features as a shapefile. With North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota selected, right-click on USstates , select Data , then Export Features… . (Figure 13) Figure 13 6. A geoprocessing pane “ Export Features ” comes out. In the “Export Features” pane, keep the default “ Input Features ”. The “ Output feature class ” is the file that is created – a new shapefile made up of your selected features. Click the little folder icon next to the file pathname, and navigate to your working folder. Noted that you should save your new file directly in the working folder rather than the default geodatabase. Name the file MN_states.shp . Thus, you will get a shapefile instead of a single feature class. Click Save , then OK . When it is done, the MN_states.shp will be added as a layer. Change a distinct color for this layer. 7. Save your project and close ArcGIS Pro . 8. In step 5, you created a new shapefile. A shapefile, as you should have learned in the ArcGIS Pro Help, is actually a set of related files. Find out now what files make up the new shapefile you created. Open File Explorer and navigate to your working folder. What files are currently in your working folder?
Geography 3561/5561 Fall 2023 Lab 01: ArcGIS Intro I - The first steps 9. Now move the mn_states shapefile into a subfolder. First, create a new folder in your working folder and name it mn_data . Then, select all of the mn_states files, cut them, and paste them into the new mn_data folder. When you are done, you should make sure that no mn_states files are left in your main working folder. Now that you’ve moved the shapefile, what do you think will happen to your ArcPro project? 10. Open ArcGIS Pro again, and then open your lab01 project. The MN_states layer is no longer visible in the view area. Look for a red exclamation mark next to the MN_states layer (see Figure 14). It is there because ArcGIS Pro cannot find the MN_states shapefile. Figure 14 Note: An ArcGIS Pro project file (which ends with .aprx) does not contain any geographic data . Instead, it may contain links to shapefiles or other data files. If you move or delete a data file that was included in a project, the project file still links to the old location of the file. When you open the project, it cannot find the file at its old location, so you need to indicate where the file is now located (if it still exists). 11. Click on the red exclamation mark to repair the layer's data source. Browse to the new location of the mn_states shapefile, select it, and click OK . Now the file link in your map document is updated with the new disk location of mn_states. The MN_States layer is loaded up in the view area again. 12. Save the project and move on to the questions below. SUBMISSION FOR GRADING Answer the questions in the Answer Sheet. Save your answers as a PDF. Name the file in this manner: The first letter of the day of the week of your lab ( T or W ), followed by an underscore ( _ ), then your last name, then another underscore ( _ ), then lab01 . For example, David Harvey from the Tuesday lab section would name his assignment T_Harvey_lab01 . You should follow this naming convention for all lab assignments. Upload your completed file to the course Canvas page.
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