Rainfall Bird Beaks Gizmos

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Palm Beach State College *

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1101

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Geography

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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3

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Name: Amani Date: 12/18/23 Student Exploration: Rainfall and Bird Beaks Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: adaptation, beak depth, directional selection, drought, evolution, natural selection, range, stabilizing selection Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo .) During the voyage of the HMS Beagle (1831–1836), the young Charles Darwin collected several species of finches from the Galápagos Islands. Two of Darwin’s finches are shown below. 1. Which species do you think is best adapted to a diet of small, delicate seeds? Explain why you think so. The geospiza fortis because its beak is smaller than the other one 2. Which species do you think is best adapted to a diet of large, tough-to-crack seeds? Explain. the geospiza magnirostris because its beak is bigger Gizmo Warm-up Darwin’s finches are one of many types of animals on the Galápagos Islands that have unique adaptations , or traits that help an organism survive in its environment. The Rainfall and Bird Beaks Gizmo™ allows you to explore how rainfall influences the range of beak shapes found in a single finch species. 1. The beak depth of a finch is the distance from the top of the beak to the bottom, as shown. A. What is the current average beak depth in the Gizmo? 9.80 B. Select the HISTOGRAM tab. Do all the finches have the same beak depth? no 2. Click Play ( ) and let the simulation play for five years with average rainfall (10 inches/yr). Select the GRAPH tab and view the Finches vs time and Beak depth vs time graphs. A. How does the finch population change? the population at first increases but then decreases and thats the pattern but at the end it decreased B. Does the beak depth change significantly? no, there is very little depth changes Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved
Activity A: Normal years Get the Gizmo ready : ● Click Reset ( ). Introduction: The Galápagos Islands are very dry, with an average rainfall on some islands of only five inches per year. The amount of rainfall has a large impact on the abundance and types of seeds that are available to be eaten by finches. In the process of natural selection , only the finches that are best adapted to the available seed types survive and have offspring. Question: How is the finch population affected by a period of average rainfall? 1. Observe : With the Rain sliders set to 10 inches, click Play , and then Pause ( ) after one year has passed. Select the TABLE tab and look at the Month and Finches columns. A. How did the finch population change over the course of one year? it started to increase for a long time and then decreased B. The finches have their young during the rainy season. Based on the table, which part of the year do you think is the rainy season? I think in month 5 (may) 2. Analyze : Click Reset , and choose the HISTOGRAM tab. The bars represent the numbers of finches that have different beak depths. The range of beak depths is equal to the difference between the largest and smallest beaks. A. What is the average beak depth of the current finch population? 9.72 B. What is the range in beak depths in the population? 230 C. Do most of the finches have beak depths near the lower extreme, the middle, or the higher extreme of the range? the middle 3. Experiment : Click Play , and observe the histogram as the simulation plays for five years. A. What is the average beak depth now? 9.64 B. What is the current range of beak depths? 140 C. Based on what you have seen, are finches with very small, medium, or very large beaks most likely to survive in times of normal rainfall? Justify your answer. medium beaks because both of the finches with large and small beaks decrease Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved
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