Unit 5

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Eastern Gateway Community College *

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111

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Geography

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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 How does precipitation affect the topology of the earth? Precipitation affects topology by erosion through precipitation, erosion through water source refilling or overflowing, run off from mountains, and materials left over when water evaporates.  What natural disasters are caused by the water cycle? Floods are one of the most frequent natural events that occur from the water cycle.  Is water from a river or from a well more likely to be clean enough to drink? Water from a well is more likely to be clean because it is filtered as it seeps through the ground into the aquifers below the surface. It also does not have external contaminations of animals, humans, and hazards.  Why is the overuse of groundwater a big concern? The overuse of groundwater is an extreme concern in coastal areas because groundwater can become contaminated by salt water if the ocean level becomes higher than the groundwater level of the aquifer. Overuse of groundwater without adequate natural replenishment can cause the groundwater to become inaccessible or disappear altogether in an area.  What policies might people put in place to conserve water levels in lakes and aquifers? Limitation of water use, limited use of water during droughts, or collection of natural rain water.  Describe how surface rivers and streams produce erosion. Steams and rivers produce erosion because they are constantly moving water and weathered materials towards the ocean with the help of gravity. Constant rushing of water and materials bouncing off of existing structures/sidewalls aids in erosion as well. Bed loading is when a water source carries weathered materials through the current but not consistently. They drop from point to point throughout the travel. Suspended load is defined as a water source carrying weathered materials through the current and keeping it suspended ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) .

 Describe the types of deposits left behind by rivers and streams. Larger deposits and the densest materials, like rocks or gold, are the first to be dropped out of the current of a river. Next are smaller items such as pebbles, chips of broken rock, and sand like sediment. Finally, fine particles and nutrients are the last to be deposited ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) .  Define groundwater. Groundwater is the water that absorbs into the permeable layers of earth and rocks and carries down to reach impermeable layers of rock that create the base of an aquifer ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) .  Explain the location, use, and the importance of aquifers. The depth and location of aquifers can vary. Some regions may have more than one aquifer at different depths. Aquifers are used widely for irrigation and fresh water supply across the United States ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) . Aquifers are extremely important because they house the largest amount of fresh water on the globe.  Define springs. Springs occur when groundwater meets the surface in a stream ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) .  Describe how wells work and why they are important. Wells are created when a person digs or drills down far enough to reach the groundwater. This allows people to tap into the water source and use the water supply. Wells are important because they provide fresh water to rural communities, those who may not have access to areas with utility infrastructure, and allows easy access to fresh water to agriculture.  Describe how the oceans formed. The oceans as we see today were formed when Pangea broke apart and created differentiation between the continents and water masses ( Earth Science | Simple Book Production , n.d.-a) .  Explain the significance of the oceans.

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