practice midterm w answers
.pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
University of Washington *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
101
Subject
Geology
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
13
Uploaded by GeneralWaterHerring16
Phillipine volcanoes are composed of rock rich in: a.
Granite b.
Gabbro c.
Peridotite (>90% olivine) d.
Basalt e.
Andesite Aa basalts __________. a.
Are blocky textured flows that form as the viscosity increases during degassing and cooling b.
Are blocky textured flows that form as the viscosity decreases during degassing and cooling c.
Are ropey textured flows that form as the viscosity increases during degassing and cooling d.
Are ropey textured flows that form as the viscosity decreases during degassing and cooling e.
None of the above answers are corrects as “aa” is not a real word in geologic vocab
Why do seismic waves decelerate as they enter the “low velocity zone”
a.
It is composed of low density liquid iron b.
“the low velocity zone” is at the pressure melting temperature for the earth’s upper mantle
c.
Seismic waves do not slow down in the “low velocity zone.”
d.
The low velocity zone represents a part of the earth’s mantle that has a unique composition
e.
There is no “low velocity zone” below the surface of the earth
During differentiation of the earth into its compositional zones heat was generated from ________. a.
Kinetic energy of impacting planetesimals b.
Compressional heating during condensation c.
Radioactive heating d.
All of the above are correct e.
Only answers a and b are correct The fishng vommunity of Heimey, Iceland was nearly inundated by ________ lava flows, but was saved __________. a.
Andesitic, using bulldozers to divert the lava flows b.
Basalt; using bulldozers to divert the lava flows c.
Andesite; using fire hoses to solidify the lava flows and divert them to the sea
d.
basalt; using fire hoses to solidify the lava flows and divert them to the sea e.
none of the above are the correct as the fishing community was destroyed Transform plate boundaries are typically associated with ___________. a.
Convergent margins where the descending plates slows down during subduction b.
Convergent margins where the descending plates speeds up during subduction c.
Divergent margins where the rate of spreading is different along segments of the spreading ridge d.
Divergent margins where the rate of spreading is the same along segments of the spreading ridge e.
None of the above answers are correct The depth at which partial melting of the continental lithosphere occurs is a.
0-10km b.
10-20 km c.
35-45 km d.
100-350 km e.
Partial melting does not typically occur within the continental lithosphere The temperature at which partial melting occurs in the continental lithosphere is a.
0-100 C b.
400-600 C c.
600-800 C d.
1000-1200 C e.
Partial melting does not typically occur in the continental lithosphere When two continental plates converge__________. a.
Andesitic volcanism will erupt at the surface b.
A collision mountain belt will form c.
Plutons will be intruded into the country rock d.
Answers a and b are both correct e.
Answers b and c are both correct
What type of seismic wave shadow zone is shown above? a.
P-wave b.
S-wave c.
Surface wave d.
P and S-wave e.
All of the above answers are correct How can one best explain the seismic wave properties shown in the above diagram a.
Refraction of seismic waves due to density changes in compositional zones b.
Absorption of seismic waves due to phase change from solid to liquid c.
Refreaction of seismic waves due to increasing magnetism d.
All of the above answers are correct e.
Only answers a and b are correct Why does the topographic expression of the Hawaiian Islands become progressively lower from the big island, where active volvanism occurs, to the islands located in the northwest? a.
The topographic expression of all the Hawaiian islands is the same b.
The ocean lithosphere is less dense to the northwest and it floats higher c.
There is a subduction zone to the northwest drawing the ocean crust downward d.
The big island has a segment of continental crust within its interior e.
The ocean lithosphere is lighter over the hotspot and the big island floats higher
Arrange the compositional zones of the earth according to their respective density (lightest to densest). a.
Continental crust, ocean crust, mantle, outer core, inner core b.
Ocean crust continental crust, mantle, outer core, inner core c.
Inner core, outer core , mantle, continental crust, ocean crust, d.
Outer core mantle, ocean crust, continental crust, inner core e.
Inner core, outer core, mantle, ocean crust, continental crust What kind of tectonic setting is represented by Yellowstone Park, Wyoming? a.
Divergent margin b.
Convergent margin (ocean-continental subduction) c.
Convergent margin (ocean-ocean subduction) d.
Hotspot e.
Collision margin (continent-continent) Meterites that strike the earth are predominantly composed of _______________? a.
Iron-nickel and silicate minerals b.
Hydrogen sulfide and silicate minerals c.
Carbon-based materials and iron nickel d.
Only material found in the earth’s core
e.
Mainly materials found only in continental crust The most widely accepted explanation of the earth’s magnetic field is ______________.
a.
Movement of electrons in the molten iron of the asthenosphere b.
Movement of electrons in the molten iron of its inner core c.
Small magnetic mineral present in its crust d.
The earth does not have a magnetic field e.
None of the above are correct The phenocrysts in porphyritic basalt would crystallize _____ and have a ________ melting temperature than the matrix materials. a.
Last, higher b.
First, higher c.
First, lower
d.
Last, lower e.
Phenocrysts will cool at the same time and temperatures as the matrix minerals What type of volcanic eruption caused the destruction of St. Pierre on the Caribbean Island of Martinique? a.
Basaltic pahoehoe flows b.
Andesitic lava flows c.
Pyroclastic flows d.
Burial by outburst floods e.
Suffocation from sulfide gas 21-23 Match the magma (lava) type with the appropriate tectonic setting where it likely forms. 21. Columbia Plateau A a. basalt 22. Yellowstone Park Caldera C b. granite 23. Ural Mts. (interior of Russia) B c. rhyolite d. andesite e. gabbro What type of volcanic rock would contain welded lithic fragments. a.
Andesite b.
Volcanic breccia c.
Granite d.
Obsidian e.
Scoria Why does quartz develop cleavage planes yet it has all its oxygen atoms shared between tetrahedral? a.
This mineral does not cleave b.
This mineral has a tetrahedral aluminum atom which requires additional ionic bonds with sodium atoms c.
This mineral is not a silicate mineral and consists of weak ionic bond between d.
The mineral cleaves between covalent bonds separating sheet pairs
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help