Lab 3 Worksheet structure fall 2023.docx

Lab 3 Worksheet Geologic Structures (50points, 50 possible answers) Name __Rishawn Barnes____ (-2 points if missing) Date _09-30-2023______ Use your lab book and PowerPoints as needed to answer all questions in each of the 2 parts. Please explain everything in your own words. Geologic Structures Part 1 1. In a tensional regime, would we find more normal or more reverse faults, and why? a. In tensional environment, a greater abundance of normal faults would be seen in comparison to reverse faults. Tensional stress exerted on the Earth’s crust induces stretching and separation, resulting in the fracturing of rocks and the downward displacement of the hanging wall in relation to the footwall. This phenomenon is indicative of normal faults. 2. Would we find reverse faults in a compressional regime or tensional regime, and why? a. In areas with compressional tectonic forces, reverse faults are frequently present. In compressional geological settings, the application of tectonic forces induces the convergence of rocks, resulting in their deformation via buckling and fracturing. The outcome of this phenomenon is the upward displacement of the hanging wall in relation to the footwall, a characteristic trait of reversal faults. 3. What is the difference between a normal fault and a reverse fault in terms of movement of the hanging wall and footwall? a. To differentiate between a regular fault and a reverse fault in terms of the hanging wall and football, In the realm of faulting, a normal fault is distinguished by the vertical displacement of the hanging wall in relation to the footwall, which may be ascribed to the existence of tensional forces. A reverse fault is distinguished by the vertical displacement of the hanging wall in relation to the footwall, which arises sue to compressional loads. 4. What is the difference between anticlines and synclines? a. Anticlines have an arch upward structure, whereas synclines demonstrate a downward arching structure.

5. What is the difference between in the rock unit age relationship between domes and basins? a. In geological formations known as domes, the central region is composed of the oldest rock layers, whereas in basins, the central region consists of the youngest rock layers. 6. Describe a strike slip fault. Provide an example of one. a. The term "strike" often refers to a horizontal displacement, whereas "slip" is commonly used to describe lateral movement. The orientation of slips on a fault may be categorized as either left- lateral or right-lateral, depending upon the relative position of the fault's opposite side. The Sanandrenas fault serves as an excellent example of a strike-slip fault. 7. What is the difference between a paraconformity and a disconformity? a. Paraconformity refers to a specific sort of unconformity characterized by the parallel alignment of strata and the absence of discernible erosion, resembling a straightforward bedding plane. Disconformity refers to a geological phenomenon characterized by the erosion or absence of deposition that has taken place between two adjacent sedimentary layers that are parallel to each other. 8. Explain what is different about a nonconformity. a. The term "deviation" refers to a departure from a recognized norm, a prescribed specification, or an exception. 9. In the diagrams below , identify each structure. a. Reverse fault b. Anticline c. Oblique-slip fault d. Plunging Syncline e. Left-lateral strike slip fault f. Plunging anticline g. Basin h. Syncline i. Normal Fault

Part 2 1. Use Exercise 6.2 to measure the strike and dips. Type your answers into the table below. (12 points) ( be sure you review the lab ppt before doing this part ). Diagram Strike Dip direction A DUE NORTH EAST B DUE EAST SOUTH C N 45 E SE D N E 20 NW E N 82 E SE F N 8 W NE G N 45 W SW

H N 70 W SW I N 10 W SW J N 65 W NE K N 80 w NE L N 80 W SW 1. What type of fold is seen in the image below? a. b. Anticline 2. What type of fault is seen in the image below? a. b. Reverse Fault 3. What type of fold is seen in the image below?

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