Test_1_Physial_Geology_W2022

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Dawson College *

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Geology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Dawson College-Physical Geology Name:______________________ Answer all the following questions. There is only one correct answer. Total 65 marks 1. Analysis of rocks from the moon and the earth suggest that; A. the moon was ejected from earth while it was still molten as earth was spinning B. The moon and earth have the same isotopic composition of the rocks in the mantle &± WKH PRRQ ZDV FUHDWHG QHDU -XSLWHU DQG ODWHU ZDQGHUHG WRZDUGV (DUWK¶V RUELW D. WKH PRRQ ZDV D ODUJH SODQHWHVLPDO ZKLFK ZDV FDSWXUHG E\ HDUWK¶V JUDYLW\ 2. Which statement describes the general characteristics of the inner and outer planets of our solar system? A. the inner planets are small and rocky and formed close to the Sun B. the outer planets are further away, much larger and made up of gas and ice C. the inner planets and outer planets have the same basic composition D. both A and B 3. S-waves do not pass through the ea UWK¶V FRUH² WKLV VXJJHVWV WKDW A. the outer core is liquid B. the mantle is more dense than the core C. the mantle is less dense than the core D. the crust is of different thickness at different locations 4. What change will occur if a conglomerate became buried deep within Earth's crust and was subjected to intense heat and pressure, but did not melt? A. The density of the pebbles and sand would decrease. B. The rock would become an intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz. C. The rock would become more felsic with a higher concentration of magnesium. D. The pebbles would become distorted and the sand would be recrystallized 5. The end product of the chemical weathering of gabbro or basalt rocks would contain high amounts of; A. iron and magnesium B. magnesium and potassium C. aluminum and iron D. aluminum and potassium 7. Which mineral is harder than gypsum exhibits a non-metallic luster and has cubic cleavage? A. muscovite B. fluorite C. halite D. both B and C 8. Cyanobacteria are preserved as fossil structures known as; A. stromatoporoids B. stromatolites C. eukaryotes D. methanogen bacteria Yuna Chen
9. Banded Iron formations stopped forming about 2 billion years ago because; A. photosynthetic cyanobacteria became extinct B. iron oxide stopped being produced C. oxygen increased in the atmosphere and iron was oxidized on the continents D. the climate changed 10. The Miller and Urey experiment suggests that; A. life can evolve on earth from inorganic molecules B. complex organic molecules can form spontaneously under conditions that existed on the early earth C. bacteria were the first type of living organism to appear on the earth D. both A and B 11. Which bedrock would be most likely to contain fossils? A. Precambrian meta-sedimentary rock B. Cambrian shale C. Pleistocene basalt D. Middle-Proterozoic quartzite 12. Several different varieties of the mineral plagioclase exist. This is an example of; A. plagioclase polymrphs B. ionic substitution C. solid solution series D. impurities in plagioclase 13. Which of the following is not a silicate mineral? A. plagioclase B. amphibole C. quartz D. corundum 14. Which one of the following minerals contains a single chain tetrahedral structure? A. quartz B. pyroxene C. olivine D. amphibole 15. Basalt is heated and melted completely, then cooled very slowly until it solidifies. Which rock would form? A. gabbro B. andesite C. granite D. diorite 16. Where would rich soil accumulate more quickly? A. a relatively flat topography in a moist and temperate climate B. a steep topography in a dry and cold climate C. a relatively flat topography in a dry and hot climate D. a steep topography in a moist, temperate climate w E ti m
17. A foliated, coarse grained metamorphic rock suggests metamorphism due to; A. high pressure and high temperature B. high pressure and low temperature C. low pressure and low temperature D. lower pressure and high temperature 18. Which statement about magma is false? A. magma can be produced by partial melting B. assimilation can produce magma of varying composition C. magma consists of 70% silica composition D. dissolved gases and mineral crystals are present in magma 19. Why are minerals like olivine and quartz not found together in igneous rocks? A. olivine forms in extrusive rocks, while quartz forms in intrusive rocks B. olivine contains iron in its composition C. neither of them contains silica D. their temperature of crystallization is incompatible 20. A river is carrying sediment of various sizes. Which sediment will be deposited the furthest from the source area? A. pebbles B. sand C. clay D. calcite crystals 21. The diagram below represents a conglomerate rock. The clasts are labeled. Which conclusion best describes the clasts? A. they all contain the same minerals B. they originated from a larger mass of igneous rock C. they have different origins D. they are the same age 22. Contact metamorphism occurs because of: A. directed pressure in the contact zone B. chemical weathering in the contact zone C. magmatic heat and fluids in the contact zone D. pressure release in the contact zone 23. Which one of the following statements about joints is true? A. joints form as two sides of a fracture slide past each other B. joints typically open by several meters C. joints only form due to the cooling of lava or magma D. joints always form perpendicular to the direction of tensional stress silt
24. Shallow crustal rocks are more likely to fault than deeply buried crustal rocks because; A. they are more brittle B. they are composed of less dense minerals C. they are exposed to more air and water D. they are not as strong as deeper rocks 25. In the block diagram below; A. the strike of the bed is E-W and the dip is N B. the strike of the bed is E-W and the dip is S C. the strike of the bed is N-S and the dip is E D. the strike of the bed is N-S and the dip is W 26. The sedimentary rocks on the geologic map below show a characteristic pattern; the underlying structure is a; A. non-plunging anticline B. plunging anticline C. dome D. plunging dome . 27. Compared to mafic lavas, felsic lavas tend to be; A. higher in viscosity and retain dissolved gases B. higher in viscosity but easily release dissolved gases C. lower in viscosity and retain dissolved gases D. lower in viscosity and release dissolved gases 28. In a syncline, the sedimentary layers; A. have horizontal dips B. have vertical dips C. dip away from the fold axis D. dip toward the fold axis. c
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