Video 1 Mt St Helens-2

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Montclair State University *

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Geology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Name :Chanel Suero _______________________________________ Video Assignment 1 “How the Earth Was Made: Mt. St. Helens” Season 2 Episode 10 Watch the video and answer the questions below. Your answers should be in paragraph format and be supported by specific examples from the video. You can watch this video on Amazon or iTunes for $2-3; • Describe the setting for Mt. St. Helens; (Where is Mt. St. Helens located? What mountain range is it part of? When was the last eruption? How long had Mt. St. Helens been “asleep”? etc.) (5 points) ⁃ Mt.St Helens is located in Washington state 100 miles south of Seattle. It is one of 20 part of the Cascade mountain range. Called the “Mt Fuji” of America. March 20, 1980 an earthquake of 4.2 magnitude woke up the mountain after 123 years. The last known eruption was seen by local tribes in 1857. • List and describe the THREE major warning signs that indicated Mt. St. Helens was getting ready to erupt; (6 points) ⁃ The first warning sign that indicated Mt.St Helens was getting ready to erupt was the earthquakes. The earthquakes became ore frequent as time went on. Another indicator was gas emissions although they are not the only sign of an eruption they are responsible for the eruption. The more gas builds up the more explosive it will be. On the north face of the mountain was bulging and becoming deformed. By May 11 the bulge expanded outward 450 feet. • Describe the impact of the Mt. St. Helens eruption; (On what date did Mt. St Helens finally erupt? How many fatalities? How much forested area was destroyed? Etc.) (4 points) ⁃ On May 18 Mt.St Helens erupted. There were 57 fatalities as well as thousands of wildlife. 230 square miles of forest were destroyed. The eruption tore a 2000 foot wide crater in the summit. It was no longer compared to Mt.Fuji it could be seen from a distance that the top was missing. • Describe the events that triggered the eruption of Mt. St. Helens. (3 points)

⁃ A earthquake of a 5.2 magnitude shook Mt.St Helens. The earthquake cause the north flank became very unstable resulting in a landslide. 1300 feet of the mountain slid down and covered the once quiet valley. It was one of the biggest landslides ever recorded. It tore a gaping hole in the side of the mountain over 2 miles long and over 2000 feet deep. • What was unusual about the direction Mt. St. Helens erupted? Explain. (3 points) ⁃ The eruption was sideways usually volcanos erupt upwards. Due to the landslide it exposed the magma making it erupt from the side instead of the top. • What is a lahar? What did scientists learn by studying the old lahars? (3 points) ⁃ A lahar is a violent type of mudflow or debris flow composed of pyroclastic material, rocky debris and water. The scientist learned of different rock types that came down from Mt.St Helen. • What formed in the crater of Mt. St. Helens? Explain what this tells us about the volcano. (3 points) ⁃ A deep north facing amphitheater like crater was formed. The volcano started to reform itself. Magma rose to the surface forming a dome inside the crater. • Why was studying Mt. St. Helens so important for future geologists? (3 points) ⁃ Helens, scientists refined their interpretations of monitoring data in order to better forecast future eruptions. Earthquakes, ground deformation and gas measurements took on new meaning as the volcano demonstrated that patterns of change could help scientists forecast lava- dome building eruptions.

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