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Lab 1: Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics Name: Aster Shull Answer the following questions according to the reading and lab lecture: 1. List the parts of the scientific method: problem, hypothesis, experiment, data, results 2. What is geology and why does it matter? Study of the earth. It matters to know what is happening to our planet we live on and understand why these things happen 3. What are the three rock types? sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic Figure 1: https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/339-plate-tectonics Use this figure of plate tectonics to answer questions 4-8: 4. Which plate is almost entirely surrounded by divergent boundaries ? African plate a. Is the plate growing or shrinking due to these boundaries? It will be growing 5. Which plate is entirely surrounded by convergent plate boundaries and is this plate growing or shrinking? Philippine plate, shrinking 6. Which plates contain significant areas of continental landmass? Eurasian plate 7. What direction is the Pacific Plate moving? Northwest a. What direction is the Australian Plate moving? North b. What direction is the South American Plate moving? West 8. What are the three types of plate boundaries present in the figure above? Divergent, Convergent, Transform

Lab 1: Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics a. What is the movement of plates at each of the boundaries? Divergent: move apart, Convergent: move into one another, Transform: move side by side another Figure 2: (a) divergent plate boundary [though not noted, divergent plate boundaries do have earthquakes, though they are very shallow]; (b) convergent plate boundary; (c) transform plate boundary. https://www.geologyin.com/2016/05/12-facts-you- should-know-about-plate.html For questions 9-? Use the figure above. 9. Which plate boundary(ies) produce volcanoes? Divergent, Convergent 10. Which plate boundary has the deepest earthquakes? Convergent a. In what direction do the earthquakes get deeper with respect to the trench? Where the plate that gets sucked under is where the earthquakes happen 11. What type of plate boundary has the shallowest earthquakes? Divergent 12. Which boundary does not produce or consume crust? Transform

Lab 1: Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics Figure 3: from https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200810-221060 Use the figure above to answer questions 13-16 13. What type of boundary is beneath the Red Sea? Divergent 14. What emerging plate boundary is present at the East African Rift Zone? Divergent 15. Why are there volcanoes in this region? There are volcanoes because the plates are being ripped apart allowing magma to travel through in these areas. 16. What will happen to the lakes in the East African Rift zone with continued subsidence? The lakes will eventually become flooded and expand to connect and one day be a part of the ocean

Lab 1: Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics Figure 4: Collision of Indian plate with Eurasian plate. From http://geophile.net/Lessons/PlateTectonics/PlateTectonics2_06.html Please answer questions 17-19 with the above figure. 17. What kind of plate boundary is present between the Indian plate and Eurasian plate? Convergent 18. Are there currently volcanoes in the Himilayas? No a. Why? The two plates had collided with one another creating the mountain range 19. Why were there volcanoes in Tibet before the collision of India and Tibet? It was because of the subduction happening then when India collided with Tibet it changed

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