Lab 3 PDF

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Northern Arizona University *

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112

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Geology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 3 Make Up- Identifying Minerals Student Answer Sheet Exercise 1: Definition of a Mineral QUESTION 1: Which of the following substances could be considered minerals? For each one that is not a mineral, explain why. (Hint: Use what you know about each of these substances and the definition of a mineral listed above.) (6 points) Salt: Salt IS a mineral. Its main makeup is NaCl. A mineral is a solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence Gold: Gold IS a mineral. It is naturally occurring. Plastic: Plastic is NOT a mineral. Plastic is man made Oil: Oil is NOT a mineral. They do not have the chemical structure to be classified as one. Glacial ice: Glacial ice IS a mineral. It forms over thousands of years. Water: Water is NOT a mineral. Ice is however water is not. Exercise 2: Properties of Minerals QUESTION 2: Which minerals included in the luster box have a non-metallic luster? (4 points) Hematite, Halite, Hornblende, Muscovite, both Feldspar and Gypsum all have a non-metallic luster. QUESTION 3: Which minerals included in the luster box have a metallic luster? (4 points) Pyrite and Hematite have a metallic luster QUESTION 4: Which mineral has a black streak? (3 points) Pyrite QUESTION 5: Which mineral has a red streak? (3 points) Hematite QUESTION 6: Which two minerals shown in Figure 1 can be scratched by a fingernail? (2 points) Gypsum and Talc QUESTION 7: Which three minerals shown in Figure 1 are softer than glass, but harder than a fingernail? (3 points) Apatite, Fluorite and Calcite QUESTION 8: Which mineral is the hardest (Mohs hardness = 10)? (3 points) Diamond QUESTION 9: Calcite and fluorite can sometimes appear similar. If you have a mineral sample but don’t know whether it is calcite of fluorite, how could you use hardness to determine which one you have? Be specific. (2 points) Test to see if it is harder than a penny QUESTION 10: Which minerals in the tray have only one direction of cleavage? (4 points) Muscovite, Quarts QUESTION 11: Which two minerals have three directions of cleavage? (4 points) Halite and Calcite QUESTION 12 : Which sample has four directions of cleavage? (4 points)
Fluorite QUESTION 13: The mineral quartz has no cleavage. The smooth planes you see develop naturally when the crystal forms. They are growth faces, not cleavage planes. Examine the sample of quartz and explain how you can tell that the smooth planes are not cleavage planes. (4 points) Irregular break patterns are a sign of no cleavage. Exercise 3: Mineral Identification (50 points) Sampl e Metallic or non-metallic? Harder or softer than glass? Cleavage? If so, how many planes and angles? Other features? (streak color, HCl reaction, etc.) Mineral Name 1 Non metallic Harder 0 Black streak, non reactive, Magnetic Magnetite 2 Metallic Softer 3 at 90 Black streak, non reactive, not magnetic, cube Galena 3 Non metallic Softer 1 Non reactive, non magnetic Biotite 4 Non metallic Softer 1 Non reactive, non magnetic, white streak Gypsum 5 Metallic Harder 0 Non reactive, black streak, non magnetic Pyrite 6 Metallic Softer 1 Non reactive, non magnetic, white streak Muscovite 7 Metallic Harder 0 Non reactive, non magnetic, red streak Hematite 8 Non metallic Softer 3 at 75 Reactive, white streak, non magnetic , pink or clear Calcite 9 Non metallic Harder 2 at 75 Non reactive, non magnetic Feldspar 10 Non metallic Harder 3 at 90 Non reactive, non magnetic Halite Exercise 4: Mineral Identification in Rocks QUESTION 14: Name two of the minerals in this rock. (Name only two minerals because you will lose points for each wrong mineral.) (4 points) Feldspar and quartz
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