DIETARY FATS AND HEALTH

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City Colleges of Chicago, Wilbur Wright College *

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114

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Health Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by AmbassadorHeronMaster795

Questions 1. Why are the four major groups of dietary fat can be classified in this particular order ( 30-50 words )? 1. Polyunsaturated fats containing omega-3 fatty acids 2. Monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats that do not contain omega-3s 3. Saturated fats 4. Trans-fats 2. Using your knowledge of lipid structure and properties and any other scientifically reliable online or printed resources, create a ~150-word explanation of how different types of dietary fat affect our cardiovascular health. (Hint: Use such key terms as “cholesterol,” “HDL,” “LDL,” and “arteries.”) Make sure to use your own words and cite outside sources that you have used. 3. In ~100 words indicate the major sources of fat in your diet and characterize them in terms of healthy and unhealthy.  If your fat diet is not “heart-healthy,” provide specific recommendations on how to increase your consumption of healthy fats and decrease your consumption of unhealthy fats. Recommend specific foods. Take into account your taste preferences.  If your fat diet is mostly “heart-healthy,” provide specific recommendations on how to increase the consumption of healthy fats and decrease the consumption of unhealthy fats for a friend or a relative. Take into account that person’s taste preferences. The four major groups of dietary fat are classified in this order because of the health benefit that each one provides. The polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats with and without omega-3 are essential fats that your body needs to take in. Saturated fats and trans-fats are unhealthy for you as they increase the level of bad cholesterol in your body. For our cardiovascular health we should always avoid trans-fats as they have no known health benefits, they are a byproduct of hydrogenation which creates a bond in the carbon structure that does not occur naturally. They increase the amount of LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream and at high levels can increase the risk of heart disease by blocking arteries in the heart and developing type 2 diabetes. As for saturated fats, they are also unhealthy, as they have the maximum number of hydrogens along the carbon chain, and they also increase the levels of LDL cholesterol in the body and provide no use to the body. Polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are the best types of fat because they have one or more double bonds in their carbon chain, and this leads to them having less than the maximum number of hydrogens. They are essential fats that increase the levels of HDL cholesterol in the body and are used in the make-up of cell membranes, covering nerves, among other things. Personally, my diet, unfortunately, consists of a high amount of saturated fats, and they are mainly from foods such as butter, fatty meats, cheese, and dairy desserts just to name a few. I plan to increase my

intake of unsaturated fats by using vegetable oils such as olive oil, sunflower, or canola oil and introducing different types of fish that are high in unsaturated fats such as salmon (which I found out that I like), and introduce nuts to my diet while also reducing the amount of unsaturated fat I consume daily. By doing this I should be able to increase my cardiovascular health as well as my overall health in general. Sources used:  Harvard Medical School article: The truth about fats: the good, the bad, and the in-between  CDC article: Saturated, Unsaturated, and Trans Fats  NIH (National Institutes of Health) “News in Health” article: The Skinny on Fat (The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown)  Biology: The core, 3e by Eric J. Simon

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