Week08_Study_Guide

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Brigham Young University, Idaho *

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110

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Health Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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The activities listed in this Preparation Workbook need to be completed prior to class. The reading materials, videos, website links, and Self-Assessments are posted in I-Learn 3.0, Module 3, Week 8 Class Preparation. Week’s Goals Do you really need 8 cups of water each day? Is it possible to drink too much water? What's the relationship between what I eat and high blood pressure? Will taking a vitamin/mineral supplement fill in the gaps of a "junk food" diet? If a little is good, isn't more better? This week we will review the water recommendations and explore the role of minerals in maintaining a healthy blood pressure. We will also discuss the benefits and possible concerns with vitamin/mineral supplementation. 1. Describe the functions of water in the body and how the body maintains water balance. Read 8.1 Introduction to Water and watch the video “Water” (1 min 33 sec). Then answer the following questions.  What are the four key functions of water in the body? Function of Water Examples Transportation Move things around in the blood stream Medium for Chemical Reactions Brings enzymes and compounds together and allow reactions to occur Lubricant, structural component, and shock absorber Making movement less painful, removing irritants, water is in every cell Temperature Regulator Sweating

 How does water help cool the body? o By sweating Read 8.2 Water Balance . Then answer the following questions.  What proportion of water is found in the intracellular fluids? o 2/3  What proportion of water is found in the extracellular fluids? o 1/3  How much water does the adult generally lose in a day? o 2,000-3,000 milliliters (about 10cups)  What are the four areas the body typically losses fluid? o Kidneys, Skin, Respiratory system, Fecal  What are the three sources for adding water to the body? o Fluid, Food, Metabolic Water  What is the role of the hypothalamus in fluid regulation? o Initiates a desire to drink and retention of fluid in kidneys  What is the action of ADH in regulating water balance? o Prompt the kidneys to reserve water  What is the action of angiotensin and aldosterone in regulating water balance? o Angiotensin initiating or supporting the message to release ADH. o When there is sodium in the blood stream a compound is released called aldosterone  Question to Ponder: Why would drinking salty sea water increase a person’s risk for dehydration? o Sodium dilutes the blood stream 2. Describe the DRI water recommendations and concerns with dehydration and over hydration. Read Water Recommendations in 8.2 Water Balance . Then answer the following questions.

 What are the AI water recommendations for an adult male and female? o Male: 3.7 liters (15.6c) o Female: 2.7 liters (11c)  What are the symptoms of dehydration? o Headaches, irritability, dizziness, muscle weakness  Who is at risk for dehydration? o Athletes, elderly and infants  How can the color of urine be used to evaluate risk for dehydration? o The darker the color the more dehydrated you are  How much fluid should a runner consume after his run where he lost one (1) pound? o 2.5-3c of water  What are the symptoms of water intoxication? o Confusion and disorientation progressing to seizures, coma, and death  Who is at risk for water intoxication? o People who intake a lot of water in a short amount of time. 3. State the basic body functions and dietary recommendations for electrolytes (sodium and potassium). Read 8.3 Electrolytes and watch the videos “Electrolytes” (2 min 40 sec) and “Hyponatremia” (1 min 11 sec) which illustrates what can happen if the sodium levels in the blood get too low. Then answer the following questions.  Why are sodium, potassium, and chloride referred to as electrolytes? o Because they have charged  What are the two positively charged electrolytes? o Sodium and Potassium  What is osmosis?

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