Key Concepts-Microbiome

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University of Maryland, Baltimore County *

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639

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Health Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Key Concepts: Processes That Affect Aging and Health Across Physiological Systems: The Microbiome Welcome to this module which will help us learn about the microbiome, which affects health and aging across different physiological systems! Key Concept 1: What is the microbiome? The microbiome consists of several thousands of species of microorganisms that live in our skin, urogenital tract, mouth, and gastrointestinal tract. The microbiome can change in response to change in our environment, stress, nutrition, exercise, and medications (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2022). The microbiome) . Key Concept 2: The microbiome plays a very important role in promoting the optimal function of our physiological systems ( Amon and Sanderson, 2016) . It helps the function of the nervous system, promotes healthy function of the immune system, protects against pathogens, helps to produce vitamins such as B12 and K, helps with digestion. Key Concept 3: Factors which affect the microbiome (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2022). The microbiome ):  Genetics  Nutrition: A healthy diet with an adequate amount of fiber impacts type and amount of microorganisms in the microbiome, having beneficial effects.  Environment: pollution  Medications: Antibiotics  Age: Age-related changes in the microbiome are seen in older adults.  Exercise: Healthy gut microbiome pattern differences seen in older adults who are slim and physically active compared with those who are not active. Key Concept 4: Promoting a healthy microbiome:  Maintain a healthy diet with an adequate amount of fiber and engage in regular exercise.  Learn effective stress management strategies.  Exercise care with medications.  Probiotics aim to help your body maintain a healthy microbiome (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2022). The microbiome ):  Loosely regulated by FDA since they are supplements. Ingredients listed on the label may be different from what is actually in the probiotic.  Good quality probiotics may be beneficial when the microbiome may not be as healthy as usual such as in situations of stress, illness, etc.

References Amon, P., and Sanderson, I. (2016). What is the microbiome? ADC Education & Practice edition/BMJ Journals. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-311643 , https://ep.bmj.com/content/102/5/257 Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2022). The microbiome. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/microbiome /

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