CV Responses_2023
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Dec 6, 2023
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KIN 359 – Exercise Physiology Lab
HR & Blood Pressure Regulation
Each group will complete the following assessments (1 test per individual)
Metaboreflex
Handgrip Exercise:
1.
Obtain
resting
HR
and
BP
of participant
2.
Obtain a
handgrip MVC
measurement (using the iWorx).
3.
Calculate
40%
of the MVC and set a
‘target’ line
for the isometric contraction.
4.
Perform
90
seconds
of isometric
handgrip (
IHG
) exercise at
40%
of MVC.
5.
Record BP on the opposite arm during the
last 60 seconds
of exercise.
6.
Immediately prior
to completion of the 90s exercise (~5 s), inflate a BP cuff on the
exercising arm (~200 mmHg). Make sure cuff is inflated
before
releasing the handgrip.
7.
Occlude flow for
3 min
(post-exercise ischemia [
PEI
]).
8.
Record BP on the opposite arm during the
last 60s
.
9.
Release the arm cuff. Record BP during the
3
rd
minute of recovery
.
Diver’s Reflex
1.
Obtain
resting
HR
and
BP
of participant
2.
2 trials:
a.
Room temperature
water
for 20 sec
b.
Rest
for 1 minute
c.
Ice water
for 20 sec
3.
For each trial, submerge face into water up to hairline and in front of the ears
for
20 sec
4.
Record HR for the
last 10 sec
of the response and
10 sec immediately after
a.
Convert to bpm
5.
Record BP
immediately after
Cold Pressor Test
1.
Obtain
resting
HR and BP of participant
2.
Submerge hand up to the wrist for
2 min
into
ice water
3.
Record 10 sec of HR at minute
1
,
last 10 sec
of the response, and
10 sec immediately after
a.
Convert to bpm
4.
Record BP at
minute 1
and
immediately
after
Lab Assignment:
1.
Report the data for your group’s subjects in
3 separate tables
(one for each test). Be sure to
include: age, sex, all HR/BP, MVC, 40% MVC, etc., as applicable. (9 Points)
2.
Describe
the muscle metaboreflex in your own words. One-sentence answers will not suffice.
(5 Points)
The muscle metaboreflex is triggered during exerceise by the presence of ATP and
Lactic acid. When these things are sensed the metaboreflex sends a signal to increase
the release of oxygen which helps your muscles remove these by-products, which helps
the muscles maintain their function.
3.
What effect does arterial baroreflex have on HR and BP and how does it work? One-sentence
answers will not suffice. (5 Points)
The arterial baroreflex senses change in the arterial blood pressure and adjusts the HR
to help the body maintain a state of homeostasis.
The arterial baroreflex senses that the BP has increased, it then sends a signal to the
cardiovascular control center which leads to parasympathetic stimulation, then
sympathetic inhibition which results in a decreased heartrate which lowers the blood
pressure. Whereas if the blood pressure decreases it still relays the signal to the
cardiovascular control center and increase the heart rate which results in a higher
blood pressure.
4.
What effect does the mechanoreflex have on HR and BP and how does it work? One-sentence
answers will not suffice. (5 Points)
The mechanoreflex results in an increase in HR and an increase in BP. A
mechanoreflex is typically a reflex that occurs by the stimulation of a mechanoreceptor.
This process works a mechanoreceptor receiving a signal which results in the
constriction of the muscle.
5.
Compare and contrast the differences in HR and BP at rest, during exercise, during occlusion
following exercise, and during relaxation following occlusion. In your answer discuss the effects
of exercise, occlusion, and relaxation on HR and BP. (9 Points)
During rest usually, a persons’ HR and BP are at a low stable rate due to the lack of
stimulation in the body. During exercise both the HR and BP increase due to the
uptake of oxygen and other required nutrients necessary for your muscles to function.
During occlusion the HR is high but decreases gradually whereas the BP decreases.
And finally, during the relaxation both HR and BP decrease and try to reach the rate at
which they remain during rest.
6.
What would you predict to happen to HR and BP if occlusion is maintained for 10 minutes?
What about if there was no occlusion following exercise? (5 Points)
If occlusion is maintained for 10 minutes the HR would continue to increase due to the
use of oxygen until it has reached its max. The vasoconstriction that occurs due to the
heart reaching its max will then begin to reduce blood flow resulting in an increased
blood pressure.
If there is no occlusion following exercise the blood pressure will naturally lower itself
due to the decreased oxygen supply to the muscle which also results in a decreased HR.
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