EGGlab_jasmin_moomand_1001593320

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University of Texas, Arlington *

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BE4382

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Health Science

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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INTRODUCTION Electrogastrography (EGG) is a form of biomedical instrumentation that records muscle activity of the stomach and abdomen. Electrical activity of the stomach and abdomen refers to the motility patterns of the stomach [1]. Electrical events radiate from organs of the abdomen and are detectable by electrogastrography. Sensors attached to the skin via the BIOPAC system detect and display the stomach and abdomen’s electrical activity. Electrical activity from the stomach and abdomen are highest and most detectable after eating. The use of electrogastrography measures the electrical events of the stomach at biological rest and in response to stimuli like food. It is a valuable tool in regulation of this biological systems. Electrogastrography (EGG) is used in conjunction with other tests to investigate and diagnose stomach problems such as nausea and vomiting [2]. The following report outlines an experiment conducted to investigate the non-invasive biosignals naturally emitted from the stomach and abdomen via the bioelectrical electrogastrography. The signal waveforms extracted from the software will give us insights on the subjects tested. Measurement by EGG was taken in instances of regular function and directly after intake of food. The null and alternate hypotheses are defined in Table 1. Table 1: Hypotheses investigated regarding correlation between lower digestive activity and food intake. ______________________________________________________________________________ Inquiry Null Hypothesis Alternate Hypothesis Frequency of the stomach and Frequency of the stomach 1 abdomen has no increase after a meal. and abdomen increases after a meal. Amplitude of the stomach and Amplitude of the stomach and 2 abdomen have no increase after eating. abdomen increases after eating. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials, Set-Up, Sampling Groups Experimental materials included: BIOPAC Student PRO software downloaded on a PC, BIOPAC MP3X data acquisition, BIOPAC Electrode Lead Set (SS2L), BIOPAC Disposable Electrodes (3), alcohol wipe prep, and mat and pillow for lying down measurement

Each test subject was asked to disclose their gender and hours after their last meal. If electrodes weren’t sticking, test subjects cleansed skin with alcohol wipe or electrode gel was applied to the electrodes to apply the three electrodes over the stomach, over the large intestine, and over the small intestine. EGG Experimental Procedure The following procedures were carried out the same for each subject in all groups. The subject was asked to remove all jewelry prior to the experiment and to avoid touching metal during the experiment. Baseline EGG measurements were taken first. The subject was to lay on the mat in a supine position, relaxing, and eyes closed. The electrode cables were positioned accordingly to reduce wire stress. The baseline measurement was measured for 15 minutes. The subject would proceed to sit up and eat a banana or apple. After eating, the subject was to return to the supine position. Electrical activity was recorded for an additional 30 minutes. Data Analysis Electrogastrography readings were performed. The resting body in the supine position before intake acted as the control group. EGG measurements observed in resting body positions before intake was the most consistent data recorded among all subjects. As after intake measurements were taken the values recorded began to vary. This portion of data acted like the experimental group. As electrical activity was measured, the patterns of the body expected did not occur. RESULTS For each subject electrical activity was measured before and after eating in the supine position. The first measurement was electrical activity of the stomach and abdomen in supine position; this was measured for 15 minutes. The second measurement was electrical activity in the supine position after eating; this was measured for 30 minutes. This resulted in 2 measurements per each subject. New and old subject data was utilized in the analysis of experimental data. The average baseline max frequency is 59.0639 mHz. The average baseline amplitude is 0.000186218 mV. The average heart rate at the start of the inhale is 85.71. The average heart rate at the start of the exhale is 82.36. The average of the max frequency after intake is 76.165 mHz. The average amplitude after intake is 0.001398917 mV. The standard deviation increased after intake for both frequency and amplitude. Thus, as more electrical activity was expected there was more spread and differentiation in the data and subjects. Variance followed a similar pattern in the breakdown of the data. However, the variance of amplitude decreased after intake compared to before intake. As the variance increased, the values strayed further from the mean value calculated.

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