Agenda Setting Bruce Rhodeback

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School

Franklin University *

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Course

752

Subject

Health Science

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by AgentCrownStork19

Agenda Setting 1 Agenda Setting Bruce Rhodeback HCM 752: Health Policy Franklin University Dr. Monica Taylor

Agenda Setting 2 Introduction: Within the realm of policy formulation, Kingdon's theory of agenda-setting revolves around the convergence of three essential streams of activity: problem identification, exploration of potential solutions, and consideration of prevailing political circumstances (Longest, 2016). When these three streams align, they create a crucial juncture known as the 'Window of Opportunity' for legislative development (Longest, 2016). This assignment explores the intricate and urgent issue of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Through the lens of Kingdon's three-stream theory and the 'Window of Opportunity,' we will examine the problems, potential solutions, and the political context surrounding cardiovascular diseases. The Problem – Cardiovascular Disease: Cardiovascular diseases stand as the foremost cause of death for both men and women across various racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Alarmingly, heart disease accounts for one out of every five deaths in the country, with a staggering statistic of one person succumbing to it every 34 seconds. In 2020 alone, heart disease claimed the lives of approximately 697,000 individuals (CDC, n.d.). Beyond the tragic loss of life, heart disease exerts a substantial economic burden, costing the nation an estimated $229 billion annually, encompassing expenses related to medications, productivity losses due to premature mortality, and healthcare services (CDC, n.d.). The term 'cardiovascular heart disease' encompasses a spectrum of conditions affecting the heart, including heart failure, angina, stroke, coronary artery disease, valve abnormalities, congenital heart disease, and arrhythmias. Notably, among these, coronary heart disease is the most

Agenda Setting 3 prevalent, contributing to 382,820 deaths in the United States in 2020 and accounting for approximately two out of every ten deaths in adults under the age of 65 (CDC, n.d.). Moreover, an alarming 805,000 people experience heart attacks annually, translating to one heart attack every 40 seconds in the United States, with a significant proportion going unnoticed. It has been found that heart disease prevalence varies by racial and ethnic group, with higher incidence rates among American Indians, African Americans, Alaska Natives, Hispanics, and whites, and among women, particularly Alaska Natives, Pacific Islanders, Asian Americans, American Indians, and Hispanic women (CDC, n.d.). The Possible Solutions: Cardiovascular diseases impact not only older adults but also have a significant presence among younger populations in the United States. A person's blood pressure, cholesterol, and smoking habits are all key risk factors associated with heart disease. In addition, the prevalence of heart disease is also affected by underlying medical conditions and behavioral risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, unhealthy eating habits, physical inactivity, and excessive drinking (CDC, n.d.). As part of efforts to combat heart disease, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) partnered with major cardiovascular medical societies in 2012, including the American Heart Association, Medicare & Medicaid Services, and Million Hearts, in order to mitigate the impact of heart disease. In order to reduce emergency room visits, hospitalizations due to myocardial infarctions, heart failure, strokes, and cardiovascular-related deaths, these initiatives emphasize the "ABCs" approach that emphasizes taking aspirin as prescribed by healthcare professionals, controlling blood pressure, controlling cholesterol levels, and quitting smoking (Terry Chappell, 2019). It's

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