BIOD 121 M1E

.pdf

School

Portage Learning *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

121

Subject

Health Science

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

5

Uploaded by BarristerEnergy12730

BIOD 121 M1E Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ec7swh True or False _____ and _____ are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North America. Taste and Texture Nutrition is the science that links foods to _____ and ______. Health and Disease Explain the difference between Internal and External drives that influence our desire to eat. Internal drives for eating are based on physiological cues like hunger and fullness External drives its appetite associated with positive sensation, stems from environmental or emotional factors that influence our desire to eat Describe hunger and appetite, including their associated drives and sensations in the answer. Hunger is an internal drive with negative sensations like stomach pain or churning. Appetite is an external drive with positive sensation that cause desire to eat when not hungry. List 3 hormones associated with satiety. Explain how at least 1 works to decrease hunger. 1. Leptin, Serotonin, CCK Leptin -signals the brain to decrease hunger when fat stores increase - activates the satiety center when eating a meal You are at an "all you can eat'' buffet. On the first pass through the line, you fill your plate with a large quantity of foods. After eating it, you go back for a second portion of the foods you liked. However, the food is less appealing the second time around, and you place a smaller quantity on your plate because you feel full. Considering the physiology as you eat, (1) explain what hormones are released (list specifically) as the stomach stretches. (2) List the area of the brain that provides neural regulation and appetite suppression to inhibit eating. 1. Leptin, Serotonin, CCK - cause satiety 2. Hypothalamus A pharmaceutical company is interested in designing a drug to combat obesity. 1. First, list 2 hormones involved in the regulation of hunger and satiety and state their function. 2. Then, explain why the pharmaceutical would target these to treat obesity. Leptin - signals fullness. - enhance leptin signaling to reduce appetite Ghrelin - stimulates hunger - regulate ghrelin to decrease hunger True or false A _________ is a substance that can promote growth and devel- opment, maintain tissues and cells, fuel the body for physical and metabolic work, or regulate a body process. Nutrient True or False ___________ are a nutrient that maintain tissues and cells (or provide structure) and regulate the body processes, but minerals do not promote growth and development or fuel the body for physical and metabolic work. A mineral is an inorganic micronutrient that regulates body processes and provides structure. Minerals Inorganic micronutrient Which type of molecule is defined as a substance that does not contain carbon? Inorganic Which of the following is an inorganic macronutrient? Water Fat is an organic macronutrient that functions to regulate body processes and provide structure. inorganic macronutrient A ______ is needed in large amounts in the body, whereas ______ are needed in small amounts. Macronutrient; micronutrients 1 / 5
BIOD 121 M1E Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ec7swh Which of the following is an organic micronutrient? Vitamins, Water, Proteins, Minerals, Carbohydrates True of false A vitamin is an organic micronutrient that regulates body process- es. - true Vitamin contain both water and fat soluble forms. - true Vitamins List (A) the building blocks (or monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) at least 2 of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the diet. A. Amino acids B. Energy source, structural support C. Meats and vegetables List (A) the three types of FATS, (B) at least 2 of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the diet. A. Saturated fats, unsaturated fats, trans fats B. Energy storage, structural component C. Olive oil and nuts List (A) the names for simple and complex forms of CARBO- HYDRATES, (B) at least 2 of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the diet. A. Sugar and starches B. Energy source, regulate body process C. Grains and vegetables True or false. Macro-minerals are needed in larger amounts compared to trace minerals. Macro-minerals Micro-minerals are referred to as _______ minerals. Trace Tom is on a diet restricting his consumption of starches and sugars. Which macromolecule would he be limiting? Carbohydrate diet restricting his consumption of amino acids. Which macromol- ecule would he be limiting? Protein diet restricting his consumption of cholesterol. Which macromol- ecule would he be limiting? Fat Carbohydrate Protein Fat List at least 3 macromolecule classes that are sources of energy. carbohydrates fats proteins Which of the 6 nutrient classes are NOT sources of energy? Protein, Vitamins, Water, Minerals, Lipids, Carbohydrates. Vitamins, Water, Minerals Write the definition of a kilocalorie. Kilocalorie - The amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 kg water by 1 degree Celsius. Write the definition of a calorie (as used in the general term). Calorie (general) - amount of heat energy required to raise temp of 1g water by 1 degree celsius Calorie (dietary) - expressed in terms of kilocalories Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1,000 calories What is the definition of an empty calorie food? List 1 example of an empty calorie food. What is the definition of a nutrient-dense food? List 1 example of a nutrient dense food. Empty calorie food - food with a lot of calories, but no nutritional value. - example is candy Nutrient dense food - have a lot of vitamins and minerals - example vegetable 2 / 5
BIOD 121 M1E Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ec7swh Read the paragraph below filling in the blanks with the terms used to describe nutritional status. When a person eats a variety of foods that provide all of the es- sential nutrients to support normal body functions, the nutritional state is called __A__. When a person consumes an excess of calories and fats that can lead to chronic disease and obesity it is __B__. If someone does not consume enough nutrients for the body's needs it is referred to as __C__. __D__ is a collective term used to describe the excess or deficiency of nutrients. A. Desirable nutrition - A balanced diet providing all essential nutrients for optimal health. B. Overnutrition - Consuming excess calories and nutrients, can cause obesity and can lead to toxicity C. Undernutrition - Insufficient food intake causing nutrient deficiencies and health issues. - don't get enough essential nutrients - lead to slower metabolic process D. Malnutrition - Imbalance between nutrient intake and body needs, including both overnutrition and undernutrition. - also means having problems with eating Match Balance - Calorie and portion size Moderation - Increase consumption of some groups and limit consumption of others Variety - consume all food groups Macronutrient - needed in large amount Micronutrient - needed in small amounts Organic - compound contains carbos and hydrogen Inorganic - any substance that does not contain carbon Which of the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment has to do with review of the person's living conditions, and background history? Environmental measurements of body composition (weight, height, skin fold measurements, and body circumference)? Anthropometric: with physical examination? Clinical A. Anthropometric: Measuring physical characteristics like height, weight, and waist circumference. B. Biochemical: Testing blood and urine for nutrient levels. C. Clinical: Physical examination for signs of malnutrition. D. Dietary: Collecting dietary information. E. Environmental: Considering factors like access to food and cultural influences. True or false. The MyPlate message of moderation has to do with the idea increasing the consumption for some groups and limiting the consumption of others. The MyPlate message of variety has to do with consuming all food groups. True - MyPlate According to Start Simple with MyPlate, suggest how someone can introduce variety into the diet. Make Every Bite Count, give 2 examples of foods to increase and 2 examples of foods to reduce in the diet. Eat different types of fruits, vegetables, grains, protein and dairy products. Increase - Fruits and vegetables Reduce - High sodium food - Sugary drinks According to MyPlate, _____ should make up 50% of the plate. According to MyPlate, _____ should make up 25% of the plate. Fruits and vegetables 50% Grains 25% 3 / 5
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help