Discussion 1

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Jan 9, 2024

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1) Using course resources and the Internet, please explain the following Windows and DOS File Systems: a. FAT12 b. FAT16 c. FAT32 d. NTFS Happy Week 1 class! Let’s dive into the explanation and exploration of some Windows and DOS File Systems. FAT12: Otherwise known as File Allocation Tables, 12, this file system can be thought of as an original from which there are many descendants and varieties. Rolled out in 1977, it is a file system, commonly found on early computers and floppy disks (Tarr, 2021). Used to hold data, this system gets its number from the amount of data it can store, 12 bits at a time. To do so, there are different sections of storage types that FAT12 is split into. These include a Reserved Section, File Allocation Tables, Root Directory and Data Section all in all supporting 2^12 clusters of data. FAT16: Similar to FAT12, the File Allocation Table has one entry per cluster. FAT16 is larger with 16 bits. Moving up from floppy disks, FAT16 was able to work on hard drives as they became more readily available. Due to the increased size, FAT16 can be used on 16MB or 4GB systems. The earliest SD card products were routinely formatted with the FAT16 file system due to its support across Windows, Mac, Linux and OS/2 operating systems (Pos3y, 2020). FAT32: Released alongside Windows 95, FAT32 was a much larger, more flexible, and more utilized system. Thee 32-bit system allows for use of a volume up to 16TB, much more than FAT12 or 16. This system is still used today, with operating systems such as Windows 10 only requiring 2TB in size, not coming close to maxing out FAT32’s 16TB limit (Posey, 2020). Another difference is that FAT32 allows for 255-character long file naming, which is a huge improvement from FAT16’s 8.3 naming convention. NTFS: Rolling out with Windows NT in 1993, the NY File System is the most widely used file system on Windows Server and on Windows desktop systems (Posey, 2020). A key difference between NTFS and a FAT is that NTFS is a journaling file system, meaning that transactions are logged and recorded, making for data recovery and return much easier. NTFS was created with a goal to improve file system security and as such it includes an encryption system. Emma References: Posey, B. (2020, September 22). Windows File Systems showdown: FAT16, FAT32, NTFS and refs: TechTarget . SearchWindowsServer. https://www.techtarget.com/searchwindowsserver/answer/Whats-the-difference-between- FAT32-FAT16-and-NTFS

Tarr, E. (2021). An Overview of FAT12 . An overview of FAT12. https://oriont.net/posts/fat12- overview

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