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San Diego State University *

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101

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History

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Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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RECONSTRUCTION TIMELINE 1865 The Civil War ends. Republican President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated. Democrat Andrew Johnson becomes president. 13th Amendment to the Constitution passes. Congress creates the Freedmen’s Bureau to help freedmen and women transition from slavery. 1866 Civil Rights Act of 1866 allows African Americans to own property and to be treated equally in court. The Ku Klux Klan is founded. 1867 Radical Republicans take over the United States government. 1868 14th Amendment to the Constitution passes. First African American elected to United States Congress. 1869 Ulysses S. Grant is elected president. 1870 15th Amendment to the Constitution passes. Congress passes the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 in response to reports of widespread violence in the South. 1872 The Freedmen’s Bureau ends. 1874 Democrats take control of the United States Congress. Radical Republicans are no longer in power. 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes is elected President and officially ends Reconstruction. Hayes pulls all remaining Northern troops out of the Southern states. STANFORD HISTORY EDUCATION GROUP sheg.stanford.edu
Document D: Elected Black Officials during Reconstruction During Reconstruction, thousands of African Americans were elected to local and state governments throughout the Southern states. In addition, 17 African Americans were elected to the United States Congress from Southern states between 1870 and 1877. Here are photographs of 6 of these 17 elected Officials. STANFORD HISTORY EDUCATION GROUP sheg.stanford.edu
Guiding Questions Document A: The Reconstruction Amendments 1. When were the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments passed? The 13th Amendment was passed in 1865, the 14th Amendment was passed in 1868, and the 15th Amendment was passed in 1870. 2. Why do you think they were passed? In my opinion, the purpose of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments was to protect African Americans' civil rights in the wake of the Civil War. The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery, the 14th Amendment guaranteed equal legal protection and due process, and the 15th Amendment guaranteed the right to vote to all people, regardless of race, color, or history of slavery. 3. What rights did they guarantee for American citizens? The 13th Amendment guaranteed the right to be free from slavery or involuntary servitude. The 14th Amendment guaranteed equal protection under the law and due process, ensuring equal rights for all citizens. The 15th Amendment guaranteed the right to vote without discrimination based on race, color, or previous servitude, extending voting rights to African American men. Document B: Black Codes 1. When were these Black Codes written? Who do you think wrote these laws? The Black Codes were written on the 3rd day of July, 1865. These laws were likely written and enacted by the white authorities and governments in the Southern states following the Civil War. 2. List three things that freed men and women were not allowed to do according to the Black Codes. 1. Enter the town of Opelousas without special permission from their employers. 2. Be on the streets of Opelousas after 10 o'clock at night without a written pass or permit from their employers 3. Rent or keep a house within the town, and those who did were to be ejected and compelled to leave within twenty-four hours. 3. Why would white Southerners pass laws that controlled the movement of African Americans? What would happen if African Americans left the South in huge Numbers? STANFORD HISTORY EDUCATION GROUP sheg.stanford.edu
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