CJ 350 Module Two Practice Activity

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Dec 6, 2023

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CJ 350 Practice Activity Template: Evolution of Intelligence Complete the following template by replacing the bracketed text with your responses. Event Date or Year of Event Explanation (25–50 words each) World War II (1939-1945) Something that the U.S. could have done differently during World War II was improved code breaking techniques. Its could have given better earlier detection to events such as Pearl Harbor and the German Military (Warwick, 2023). Cold War (1947-1991) There are a few key things that the U.S. could have done better in terms of intelligence. The first being the safeguarding of valuable secrets (atomic bomb), and just an overall loss of critical intelligence (Blakemore, 2022). Korean War (1950-1953) Some critical things that could have aided the intelligence process of the Korean War would have been better intelligence regarding the Chinese Communist Party, better strategic adjustments, and better trained analysts. Post- WWII policies downsized the military, cut funding for training, and restructured intelligence services, causing operational intelligence failures (Azotea, 2014). Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) One of the major failure of the U.S. during this crisis is Soviet Union’s presence and their introduction of a Nuclear Arsenal. Better intelligence would have allowed us to anticipate the Soviets Involvement (Zegart, 2012). Vietnam War (1955-1975) U.S. intelligence struggled to adapt to the new operational context, failing to accurately identify the nature of the conflict in Vietnam. They perceived the issue as the invasion of South Vietnam by Northern Communists. Some things that we could have done better were understanding the nature of political landscape and a better understanding of the conflict itself. This could have allowed us to shorten the duration of the war (Irvine , 2015). Iran Hostage Crisis (1979-1981) Some things to note that the U.S. could have done better would have to be the understanding that they didn’t have the ability to conduct the rescue or contingency plans for it. Better resources in the area and a higher degree of intelligence would have served the U.S. in the Iranian Hostage Crisis (Russell, 1980).

Event Date or Year of Event Explanation (25–50 words each) 9/11 Terrorist Attacks (2001) There are over a dozen thing that the U.S. could have done to prepare for the attacks on 9/11 but here are a few. Improved hiring and retention of intelligence analysts, better management of analysts and greater coordination and consultation between operational and analytical units. Most importantly though improved information sharing and coordination among intelligence agencies might have uncovered the plot beforehand, allowing for preventive actions and potentially averting the attacks (Office of the Inspector General, 2006). Iraq War (2003-2011) Largely what we could have done better was just better information in general. The U.S. used information or rumors that Iraq was in possession of WMD’s, and it ultimately fueled a seven year war that ended with no WMD’s ever being discovered (Helfont, 2023). Arab Springs (2010-2012) What seemed to be missing and we could have done better regarding the Arab Springs uprising was better anlasis of political and social factors. It could have aided us in detecting the uprising (Wilson Center, 2013). Russian Interference in U.S. Elections (2016) What we could have done differently was an increase to our cybersecurity capabilities and our counterintelligence efforts. We could have potentially thwarted Russia from interfering with the election process (Kim, 2017).

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