Chapter 10-12 questions

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Chapter 10 Questions What were the limitations of transportation methods prior to the war of 1812? For the war of 1812 natural waterways provided the most readily available and cheapest transportation routes for people and goods, but with many limitations. Boatmen poled bateaux down shallow rivers down shallow rivers or floated flat boats down deep ones. On land transportation was limited to roads constructed during the colonial revolutionary areas, often became obstructed by falling trees, soaked by mud, or clouded in dust. What patterns of work and living were established in textile mills? In the mid 1840s, the continents and put approximately 80,000 operatives, more than half of them women. Male owners employed a resident manager, thus separating ownership for management. With labor scarce near them, managers recruited New England farmer daughters, whom they paid wages and household and dormitories and boarding houses in what came known as the Waltham or the Lowell plan of industrialization. People who made their living from farming often harbor suspicions of those who did not particularly in the young United states, where in agrarian lifestyle was often associated with virtue itself. Mini roll parents resisted sending their daughters to textile mills. To be such concerns, meal manager’s offered paternalistic oversight. Curfews, prohibited alcohol, and church attendance are all enforced. Despite the restrictions of Walton system offered farm girls opportunities to socialize and to earn wages, wish they used to help their families by land or send a brother to college, to say for their own diaries or education, or to spend on personal items, such as fashionable clothing. Still most women imagined factory work is temporary, and factory conditions the power limbs deafening roar the long hours the regimentation made few change their minds. The average girl arrived was 16 and stayed 5 years. What were the features of the American Renaissance? The features of the American Renaissance were Ralph Waldo Emerson, literature, and the European romantic movement. Emerson inspired the American Renaissance with his preaching of individualism and self-reliance. His preaching influenced Hawthorn, Margaret Fuller, Herman Melville, and Thoreau to write about individualism, philosophy, and moral idealism. Furthermore, Hawthorn used Puritan New England as a basis for his writings and Melville wrote about the great spiritual quests as seafaring adventures. What roles did women and African Americans play in the abolitionist movement? The roles women and African Americans played in the abolitionist movement were as speakers, executive committee members, activists, and converters. For example, Lydia Maria Child worked for the immediatist organization's executive board and edited the immediatist's official newspaper, the National Anti-Slavery Standard, and Marie Champan coedited it. The organization also sponsored black and women speakers, these women also did most of the daily conversion work. In rural northern and midwestern communities, women raised money,

organized boycotts of textiles, increased public awareness, got signatures for petitions, and spun clothes for escaped slaves in sewing circles. Also, while African Americans were allowed into these organizations, many still independently tried to end slavery through speeches, publications, and participation in the Underground railroad. The most famous of these people being Fredrick Douglass, Henry Bibb, Harriet Tubman, and Sojourner Truth, Additionally, African Americans helped the post-revolutionary generation by setting up churches, funding moral reform societies, publishing newspapers, creating schools and orphanages for African American children, and holding conventions to consider tactics for improving African American status within free states. Chapter 11 Questions How did individuals decide to move west? Individuals decided to move west based on the land they were familiar with, where their family and friends were, their ethnicity, and their beliefs in slavery. As moving West often left people very homesick, people tried to move to areas where family or friends already lived. Additionally, they would move to Western lands that were like their state; for example, people from Massachusetts went to western New York or Ohio, Virginians and North Carolinians went to Missouri, Georgians populated Mississippi and Texas, and Europeans went to the Old Northwest. Also, people often settled around people of their ethnicity. How did Native Americans respond to white settlement in the West? Native Americans responded to white settlement in the West by either moving further West or by resisting. Many tribes, mostly Northern American Native tribes, signed treaties with the U.S., which gave Natives land further into the West in exchange for the land the Natives were already on. Some Natives, like the Miami's or Winnebago's, refused to leave their lands even after they signed the treaty. In response, the U.S. sent troops to forcefully remove them, but many evaded the soldiers, and those who did not, often came back. Black Hawk War, which was the Suaks and Fox trying to resist moving West, marked the last militant Native American uprising in the Old Northwest. What role did the federal government play in the expiration and expansion into the West? The role the federal government played in the expansion and expansion into the West was as an initiator. The federal government funded many expeditions of the West, like the Lewis and Clark expedition, which helped increase expansion and set up trade routes. The General Survey Act of 1824 allowed Congress to get the army to chart transportation improvements they considered vital to the nation's military protection or commercial growth. Furthermore, the many roads, canals, and railroads in the West were federally funded. The government also moved Native Americans off their lands, which many white settlers liked.

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