Module 2 Monroe Doctrine Assignment Faria

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Western Governors University *

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History

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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Answer 1 : Following the wars of independence in Latin America, the region grappled with a complex set of social, political, and economic conditions. Socially, there were deep-rooted inequalities. The indigenous populations and Afro-Latin communities often faced discrimination and marginalization, leading to social unrest (Higgins, 2020). Politically, the aftermath of independence wars resulted in political instability. Frequent changes in leadership and governance structures contributed to uncertainty and conflicts. The struggle to establish stable governments and maintain order was a common challenge for many newly independent nations (Lynch, 2006). Economically, Latin American countries continued to heavily rely on exports, which were often controlled by foreign powers. This dependence limited economic autonomy and development. The export-driven economies were vulnerable to fluctuations in global markets, impacting the region's economic stability (Acemoglu et al., 2019). In summary, the post-independence era in Latin America was marked by social inequalities, political instability, and economic dependencies, all of which posed significant challenges to the region's development and progress. References: Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2019). Latin America and the Colonial Origins of the Great Divergence. In Institutions, Innovation, and Industrialization (pp. 1-24). Princeton University Press. Higgins, J. (2020). Latin America After Independence. In The Cambridge History of Latin America (Vol. 2, pp. 1-21). Cambridge University Press. Lynch, J. (2006). The Spanish American Revolutions 1808–1826 (2nd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
Answer 2 : The Monroe Doctrine, announced by U.S. President James Monroe in 1823, had significant effects on Latin American countries then and continues to influence them today. In the 19th century, it aimed to discourage European colonial expansion in the Americas. While it was intended to protect Latin American nations from European interference, it effectively established the United States as a dominant regional power (Herring, 2008). In contemporary times, the Monroe Doctrine's impact has evolved. Latin American countries no longer face the direct threat of European colonization. However, the doctrine's historical association with U.S. intervention in the region has influenced diplomatic relations. The U.S. has at times used the doctrine to justify interventions or policies in Latin America, leading to mixed perceptions of U.S. involvement (Chasteen, 2016). Therefore, the Monroe Doctrine initially aimed to safeguard Latin American nations from European colonization but ultimately established U.S. influence. In the modern era, its legacy continues to shape U.S.-Latin American relations, sometimes causing tensions and debates over sovereignty and intervention. References: Chasteen, J. C. (2016). Born in Blood and Fire: A Concise History of Latin America (4th ed.). W. W. Norton & Company. Herring, G. C. (2008). From Colony to Superpower: US Foreign Relations Since 1776. Oxford University Press.
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