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Feb 20, 2024

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1 1.5 Case Study: The Role of Systems Engineering in Complex Systems Design Michael Carter Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University SYSE 500: Fundamentals of System Engineering Professor Mark London January 14, 2024
2 The Advanced Automation System (AAS) was part of the Advanced Automation Program established by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to modernize air traffic control (ATC) computer systems. This system would replace current ATC hardware and software to accommodate significant increases in traffic. Some of the main causes for the failure of the project include overly stringent constraints, excessive requirement changes, bad software designs, project delays, oversite on complexity of the system, and inaccurate cost estimations. During the early stages of the project, numerous extensions were made for the completion of the software design competition. These delays resulted from the FAA’s stringent reliability requirements and oversite on the complexity of the software. In addition to this, requirement changes lead to about $242 million in code to be scraped and rewritten. These design issues would also lead to a need for additional systems to be implemented to support the integration of the new system. As software issues continued to progress and project milestones were not met, the estimated date of completion was pushed for several years. In 1988, after these competition delays, the FAA estimated a cost of $4.3 billion and would be completed in 1998. This cost estimate would increase to $5.9 billion by 1993, with a task force investigation revealing an actual cost close to $7 billion if allowed to continue. Systems engineering for complex systems offers an approach to combat many of the failures experienced in the AAS project. Systems engineering tools involving verification and validation, requirements management, design optimization, and lifecycle management are crucial to successful system design. In the early stages of the AAS project, there was a lack of verification and validation. Completing testing on newly developed software validates system reliability and effectiveness through each design phase. Requirements management outlines the
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