IT 342 - HW 2

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Northern Virginia Community College *

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Information Systems

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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IT342 HW2 Question 1: What are the differences between Batch processing system and Real Time Processing System? (10 Points) Batch processing is when a bunch of processes happen at the same time (in bulk/batch). Real time processing is processing that happens within a maximum time frame; it is processes that must respond within a certain timeframe or else it has failed - Used for which type of applications? Name 2 different ones for each Batch: Bank transaction processing, email Real time: Air Traffic Control System, Cars (ABS) Question 2: What is the difference between Job and Process? (10 Points) A job is multiple processes running together and a process is a single program that is running. Question 3: What are the advantages of Multiprocessing or Parallel System? (10 Points) \A multiprocessing system uses multiple processors together in order to complete a task faster or more efficiently. It can also save money as most of the rest of the system hardware is shared, saving costs from going towards other hardware (such as memory Question 4: What are the differences between Real Time System and Timesharing System? Name 2 examples of applications for each. You can use the example from the previous question you used but now you need to compare it to Timesharing systems. (10 Points) A Real time system is time intensive and aims to complete the task before the maximum time frame. A Time sharing system allows multiple users to share the system resources. Real time: Air Traffic Control System, Cars (ABS) Time share: Smartphone, Server Real time requires one task to be done at a time within a time frame, and time share allows multiple users/processes to be done at the (same) time. Question 5: What are the differences between multiprocessing and multiprogramming? (10 Points) Multiprocessing is using multiple CPU's to process multiple processes and multiprogramming is using one CPU to process multiple processes at the same time. Question 6: What is scheduling? What criteria affect the scheduler's performance? (10 Points) Scheduling is a set of regulations and mechanisms that regulates the order in which tasks are executed. It's the most crucial aspect of what OS accomplishes. As the program balances the demand on the CPU, the system has multiple layers of priority. Various criteria that affect scheduler performance are • CPU utilization

• Throughput • Response Time • Turnaround Time • Wait Time • Fairness Question 7: What is the purpose of Memory Management? (10 Points) Memory management is used to move processes between RAM and disk during a process. It allocates memory to the program, manages which program gets memory, and frees up memory if processes are no longer using it. Question 8: You need to design a Web Server, Database Server and a Backup server. (30 Points) If you had to choose from the following list of resources which ones would you place a priority on and state why you would do so. List these for each server type. Hint: You need to think about the functionality of the server. Based on this information, which resource would you emphasize on the most to increase the performance of the server. - CPU utilization and speed - Multiprocessing - Memory - Cache - Storage capacity - Hard drive seek and access time - Network Bandwidth Example: To design an authentication server for a large organization you can expect to have perhaps 100s of employees trying to login at the same time. For this environment the authentication server needs to be a multiprocessing system to be able to search through all the user database to be able to authenticate with a fast response time. The process of searching through this large user database takes a lot of processing power. A multiprocessing environment would be a good choice and therefore we need to have priority set on the number and speed of the CPUs. The storage would also need to have a fast access to be able to access the user login information fast. To design a web server, I would probably focus on network bandwidth the most, as it has to sustainhundreds to thousands (or even millions) of concurrent users and it would most likely not need to havehigh processing power or a lot of storage space to maintain.For a database server, I would emphasize storage capacity with hard drive seek time as a considerationbased on the type of database. A database would not need a lot of processing power, but it needs to store alarge amount of data and it would need even more storage for backup and recovery. The speed of thestorage may be a consideration if frequent backups and recoveries are needed with a time constraint.For a backup server, I would emphasize hard drive seek and access time. It would

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