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Apr 3, 2024

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1 I. Introduction Topic introduction Criminal justice is often faced with several ethical challenges. Some major issues include what force to use by the police and how to deliver justice while uploading the rule or law to the question of how to correct the criminal in the criminal justice system. Some of the issues identified as a major concern as the conflict with the various aspect of ethics Issue of choice One of the major challenges in the criminal justice system that I deem very challenging is the determination of the proper use of force when making an arrest. In most case, there is often a conflict on how much force the police is supposed to use when making or executing an arrest (Bishopp 2021). This is an ethical dilemma or issue because most case, the police is often believed to be using excessive force in making an arrest, while in most case, they are forced to due to the nature of the criminals. However, in some cases, police do use excess force where it is unnecessary (Abylkasymova et al, 2022).. The use of force or the exact amount of force to be used in making any arrest remains an ethical issue that is hard to determine. The paper will discuss the ethical challenge around appropriate amount of force to use during or when making an arrest. II. Ethical System (s), Concepts and Philosophies to be applied Concept The reasonableness of the force used by the police during an arrest is often an issue under question. This is normally determined by the severity of the criminal issue or the crime that an individual is suspected of, whether the suspect poses an immediate or greater danger or threat to the safety of the law enforcement officers and whether the suspect is actively resisting an arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight or fight to the law enforcement officers (Pollock, 2021).

2 Philosophy The number of sources to be used by law enforcement officer when making an arrest is often controversial. Police officers have the discretion to use much of the force they have as they, at the time of the arrest, feel that it is necessary for the protection of both the public and themselves (FBI 2018, September 14). The application of force by the law enforcement officer during an arrest is a question that can be investigated on the ethical front as an issue with two sides. Most people normally feel that the police officer uses excessive force while making an arrest, but this is normally without regard to the circumstance, which results in the use of force. III. Relevant Professional Missions Professional missions The framework of the use of force when making an arrest has a framework that is based on key principle, which includes; legality, necessity, proportionality and accountability. The application of force according to these four principles demands that the use of force during an arrest be done in line with the international human rights principles governing the use of sources and firearms. Therefore, if using force when making an arrest is done within these principles, it should be viewed as an arrest-free the dilemma. IV. Discretion Principle of international human rights

3 The choice for applying force is based on the framework of the key principle listed by international human rights. Based on this principle, the application of force when making an arrest can therefore be ethical when the law enforcers follow the four principles, when it is necessary because the officers feel the threat to safety or when the crime committed is severe and that it is necessary ( FBI 2018, September 14). Under this, the police officers are allowed to use force in making the arrest but not to harm to make it possible for the criminal to be presented in a court of law for prosecution. This, therefore solves the question of the ethical dilemma associated with whether there use of force is necessary or not Subcultures and Learning Theories Deontology theory Based on the deontological theory of ethics, the dilemma around the use of force during the arrests can be discussed ( Mooney et al, 2020, May 21). According to the hold that at least some acts are morally obligatory regardless of their impacts of consequences for the human welfare. When the arrest is made in the way that it offer the most good for the majority then it can be termed as morally upright or ethical. V. Relevant Professional Codes, Your Choices and Supporting Your Choices with Course and Professional References Professional code of ethics The professional code of ethics demands that police officers use the right amount of force while arresting. According to the international human right guideline, law enforcement officers' key principles of using force are legality, necessity, proportionally and accountability ( Kruke. (2020). Therefore, the professional code of criminal justice demands that the use of force when making an arrest should be in line with all these elements or principles. VI. Conclusion

4 The use of excess or unnecessary of has always been an issue of great concern in criminal justice. In most cases, the police apply more force than the needed or the necessary force. This normally results from scenarios where people believe using force when making an arrest is unnecessary. However, there is an ethical dilemma on whether the force should be used or not.

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