Lesson 10 Quiz Values by Aurora Bedova

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Pennsylvania State University *

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Management

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Apr 3, 2024

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1. Regarding decision-making approaches, Peterson describes the difference between being a satisficer and being a maximizer. Give an example of a time you were a maximizer and you wound up not being satisfied with your decision. Next, give an example of a time you were satisficer and were pleased with the outcome. Lastly, based on how you currently make decisions, note whether it would benefit you to shift toward being more of a maximizer or satisficer. Explain why. (5 points) Regarding decision-making approaches, being a maximizer involves striving to make the best possible decision by thoroughly considering all available options and criteria before making a choice. Conversely, a satisfied person aims to make a decision that meets their criteria without necessarily exploring all available alternatives. An example of when I was a maximizer and not satisfied with my decision occurred when I was selecting a smartphone. I spent countless hours researching various models, reading reviews, and comparing features to ensure I made the optimal choice. However, even after purchasing a highly recommended phone, I found myself second-guessing my decision and feeling unsatisfied with certain aspects of the device. On the other hand, there was a time when I needed to buy a new pair of shoes for an upcoming event. Rather than extensively researching every available option, I visited a few stores, tried on a few pairs within my budget, and selected one that felt comfortable and met my basic requirements. Despite not exploring every shoe brand or style, I was pleased with my purchase and felt confident in my decision. Currently, I tend to lean more towards being a maximizer, especially when it comes to significant purchases or life decisions. However, I recognize that this approach can lead to decision fatigue and unnecessary stress. Therefore, I believe it would benefit me to shift towards being more of a satisficer in certain situations where the marginal benefit of additional deliberation may not outweigh the costs in terms of time, effort, and emotional well-being. 2. In this lesson, we explored the definition of a value, along with the things that a value is not (e.g., an attitude, trait, need, norm, or character strength). Demonstrate your understanding of each of these constructs by providing an example of a value you hold, an attitude you possess, a trait of yours, a need you have, a norm you follow, and a character strength of yours. Note why each example you provided fits that specific construct. Are there consistencies or disparities among your values, traits, attitudes, and so on? (5 points) Values, attitudes, traits, needs, norms, and character strengths are distinct constructs that shape individuals' behaviors and beliefs in different ways. Here are examples of each: Value: One of my core values is honesty. I prioritize honesty in my interactions with others and believe in the importance of integrity and transparency.
Attitude: I possess a positive attitude towards lifelong learning. I approach new challenges and opportunities with enthusiasm and a growth mindset. Trait: A trait of mine is conscientiousness. I am organized, reliable, and diligent in my responsibilities and commitments. Need: A need I have is for social connection. I value relationships and seek meaningful connections with others to fulfill my emotional and social needs. Norm: A norm I follow is punctuality. I adhere to societal expectations regarding arriving on time for appointments and events. Character Strength: One of my character strengths is resilience. I demonstrate resilience in overcoming setbacks and adversity, bouncing back from challenges with perseverance and determination. While there may be consistency among these constructs, such as honesty being reflected in both my values and character strengths, there may also be disparities, such as possessing a positive attitude towards learning but not necessarily exhibiting traits associated with intellectual curiosity or academic achievement. 3. Using either the same or a different value than the one you provided in Question 2, note a value of yours and explain how you acquired it. Be sure to include reward and punishment, modeling, cognitive consistency, and self-examination in your response. How did each possible acquisition method apply (or not) to your particular value? (5 points) Building on the value of honesty mentioned earlier, I acquired this value through various methods, including reward and punishment, modeling, cognitive consistency, and self-examination. Reward and Punishment: As a child, I received praise and positive reinforcement from caregivers and authority figures for telling the truth and being honest. Conversely, I experienced negative consequences, such as guilt or loss of trust, when caught lying or being deceitful. Modeling: Observing honest behavior in role models, such as parents, teachers, and peers, influenced my understanding of the importance of honesty and shaped my value system. Cognitive Consistency: Over time, I developed cognitive consistency between my beliefs and actions, recognizing that honesty aligns with my moral principles and contributes to positive interpersonal relationships. Self-Examination: Through introspection and reflection, I evaluated the implications of honesty in my life and its alignment with my personal values and goals.
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