UNDRIP

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School

Laurentian University *

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3305

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Medicine

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by MajorGull4038

1 Assignment 1 Ashley Greer ISWK 4216 - Programs and Issues Frankie Misner Oct 5 2022

2 Colonization almost destroyed and entire Indigenous population while stripping them of their land, family, and culture with no considerations of repercussions (Henderson, 2018) . Their loved ones were kidnapped, murdered, or missing without a trace, they endured the Sixties Scoop, residential schools, and still live with these traumas today. As a result of colonization we see increased domestic violence, substance abuse, the fight for equality and basic living necessi- ties amongst others. It is no wonder the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People came to exist. This paper will further explore what it is, the history of the Working Group that brought this declaration forth, and next steps for Canada. The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is about the respect and recognition of the human rights of Indigenous peoples (Government of Canada, 2022). It af- firms a universal framework of minimum standards for the survival, dignity, and well-being of the world's indigenous peoples, and it expands on existing human rights standards and funda- mental freedoms as they apply to indigenous peoples' specific situations (United Nations, 2017). The Declaration is the most comprehensive international instrument on indigenous peoples' rights. It establishes a universal framework of minimum standards for the survival, dignity, and well-being of the world's indigenous peoples, and it expands on existing human rights standards and fundamental freedoms as they apply to indigenous peoples' specific situation (United Na- tions, 2017). Individual and collective rights, cultural rights and identity, education, health, em- ployment, language, and other issues are all addressed in the Declaration. According to the text, indigenous peoples have the right to fully enjoy all human rights and fundamental freedoms rec- ognized in the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the rest of international human rights law, as a collective or as individuals (Hanson, n.d).They have the

3 right to freely determine their political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural de- velopment as a result of this right. They have the right to preserve and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social, and cultural institutions, while also retaining the right to fully participate in the state's political, economic, social, and cultural life if they so choose. The Decla- ration is particularly significant because Indigenous peoples, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, were involved in its drafting. On June 21, 2021, the United Nations Dec- laration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (the Act) became law. The Act requires the Government of Canada to consult and collaborate with Indigenous peoples (Government of Canada, 2022). The Working Group on Indigenous Populations was established in 1982 and was one of six working groups overseen by the Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights' main subsidiary body. The Working Group was formed as a result of a study conducted by Jos é R. Martinez Cobo on the issue of dis- crimination faced by indigenous peoples around the world. The study detailed indigenous peo- ples' oppression, marginalization, and exploitation (United Nations, 2017). In 1985, the WGIP began drafting a Declaration of Indigenous Rights in consultation with Indigenous representa- tives from around the world. The initial draught took eight years to develop and was submitted in 1993 to the Subcommission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Minority Protection (now known as the Subcommission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights), which ap- proved it the following year. Following its approval, the draft declaration was sent to the Com- mission on Human Rights, which formed a new working group comprised of human rights ex- perts and representatives from over 100 Indigenous organizations (Hanson, n.d). The process moved slowly due to concerns expressed by states about some of the draught declaration's core

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