STUDY QUESTIONS

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University of Tennessee, Martin *

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110

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Philosophy

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Feb 20, 2024

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STUDY QUESTIONS Please answer all of the following questions . 1. Give an example of Diogenes odd behavior that shows his contempt for luxury. 2. Explain Epicurus view of the slight swerve and how it applies to free will. 3. According to Epicurus, how do we get rid of our fear of the gods? 4. For Epicurus, what are the three kinds of natural desires, and which kind best brings about happiness? 5. According to Zeno the Stoic, what are the four degrees of conviction? 6. Explain the Stoic view of the eternal recurrence. 7. Explain the Stoic metaphor of rolling a barrel down a hill and how this applies to the issue of free will. 8. According to Epictetus the Stoic, which types of things are within our control? 9. According to Sextus Empiricus the Skeptic, how does skepticism lead to tranquility? 10. Explain the first mode of skepticism. 11. What is the skeptic s response to those who say that the skeptical position "doubt everything" is self-refuting? 12. What is the skeptic s response to those who say that skeptics refute themselves in their very lives as they engage in the world? 13. For Plotinus, what are the three parts of the divine triad, and what does each of them create? 14. For Plotinus, what can we say about the nature of the One?

15. According to Plotinus, how do we gain the proper eyesight to see the beauty of the One? [Reading 1: Lucian s "Philosophers for Sale" 16. What are the main features of the philosophy of Diogenes the Cynic as depicted in Lucian s "Philosophers for Sale"? 17. What are the main features of the philosophy of Chrysippus the Stoic as depicted in Lucian s "Philosophers for Sale"? 18. What are the main features of the philosophy of Pyrrho the Skeptic as depicted in Lucian s "Philosophers for Sale"? [Reading 2: Lucretius on Religious Beliefs] 19. What are Lucretius s three arguments against the immortality of the soul? 20. According to Lucretius, what are some of the naturalistic and psychological explanations for why people believe in the gods? [Short Essay] 21. Short essay: pick any one of the following views in this chapter and criticize it in a minimum of 100 words. Cynics: defying social convention. Epicureans: atoms in a vacuum; free will and the slight swerve; death is nothing to us; not fearing the gods; pleasure through moderation. Stoics: the law of bivalence; the eternal recurrence; resigning oneself to fate. Skeptics: tranquility through suspension of judgment; balancing competing arguments; moral relativism. Neoplatonists: the One as undifferentiated unity; reality as emanations from the One; evil as the absence of good; the human soul returning to the divine nature.

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