Identity+Theory%2C+Reduction+and+Elimination

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Oct 30, 2023

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Mind - Brain Identity Theory, Eliminativism Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind
Physicalism • Physicalism is a theory that “asserts that everything, from particles to people, from multi-star systems to multiplayer video games—is physical. And since the mind is seen as physicalism’s greatest nemesis, the central challenge for physicalists is to show how the mind sits comfortably in the physical world.” (Montero, 34)
• Elimination : There is no such thing as X! • Reduction : There is such a thing as X but it is nothing more than Y (which is more fundamental than X) • Materialism is a common form of reductionism • Another form of reductionism is Idealism , which places consciousness at the bottom of the pyramid Physicalism | Elimination vs. Reduction
Elimination vs. Reduction Examples of Elimination: witches, demons, entities of superseded scientific theories Examples of Reduction : pre-Socratic attempts (Thales, Anaximenes, Democritus), cells to collections of atoms and molecules, life to a chemical process, mental illness to chemical imbalance
Elimination vs. Reduction • Reduction requires a very strong explanatory connection : every single aspect of the reduced thing can be completely understood in terms of the things it reduces to. • Consequence : if the mental reduces to the physical, knowing everything physical about an experience is knowing everything about the experience, full stop.
Identity theory vs. behaviorism • Behaviorism : Mental States =def Patterns of Actual/Potential Behavior • Intermediary Thesis : Mental States =def Whatever Causes our patterns of Actual/Potential Behavior. • (Notice that this is compatible with Dualism!) • Mind-Brain Identity Theory : Mental States = States/Processes in the Brain
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