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Bhimanapalli 1 Name: Hima Bhimanapalli Date: 2/25/2024 Methodology and Philosophy: The Philosophy Supporting Behavior Analysis Professor Southwick Foundations of Learning and Behavior Analysis Questions Week 5 Methodology and Philosophy: The Philosophy Supporting Behavior Analysis Directions: Answer each question in complete sentences, typed. Page numbers are provided. 1. Define behaviorism. (67) Behaviorism is the philosophy that the subject matter of psychology is the study of the effects of environmental variables on behavior, largely through experimental analysis. 2. Define methodological behaviorism. (67) Methodological behaviorism is the philosophy that behaviorism should only deal with events that two or more scientists can observe. 3. Define radical behaviorism. (67) Radical behaviorism is the philosophy that behaviorism can consider many private events as behavior to which the principles of behavior apply. 4. Define empiricism: (70) Empiricism is knowledge that comes from our senses. 5. Define determinism: (70) Determinism is when all events and all things have a cause. 6. Define experimentation: (70)
Bhimanapalli 2 Experimentation is the manipulation of events or conditions to evaluate their effects. 7. Medical Model Myth (76) a. Define it: A medical-model myth is an erroneous view that human problem behavior is a mere symptom of an underlying psychological condition. b. Give an example: Eric’s tantrums suggest that there is a profound underlying psychological problem. It can be suspected that Eric’s tantrums are a learned behavior which is reinforced by their immediate consequences—his parent’s attention. 8. What’s the name for the kind of reasoning involved with terms like want ? (75) Avoid circular reasoning is the name for the kind of reasoning involved with terms like “want”. 9. Describe each of the seven dimensions of applied behavior analysis (79-82) 1. Applied: These researchers are searching for solutions to society’s problems. They are discovering how to use the basic principles of behavior to improve the well-being of others and animals. 2. Behavioral: The behavioral dimension says that there is a requirement for observing and recording your actual behavior that is of interest and not what you say you will do. 3. Analytic: This means changing the independent variable to see if the dependent variable changes too. So, when doing a study, you can replicate a study multiple times by changing the IV to see if there is a relationship with the DV. As the numbers increase, you can become more confident that changing the IV does cause the value of the DV to change too. 4. Technological: This is when you have described in enough detail that the person who is applying the procedure know how to do it in detail. A procedure must be technological for applied-behavior-analyst researchers so that they can repeat the original research correctly. So, the procedure must be written out clearly and concisely so that the procedure can be replicated correctly. 5. Conceptually systematic: This dimension says that our procedures should make sense and be understood by behavior analysts and must be conceptually solid. It also says that we should show how the procedures are based on principles and concepts of basic and applied behavior analysis. This is because it will be easier for others to understand our procedures and it will be easier to modify the procedure. 6. Effective: This dimension says that our procedures should be effective that they produce a socially significant change.
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