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Running head: PILLARS AND ETHICS 1 Dr. Toby Learns Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment and a Code of Ethics Michael Edgette PSYC502/Tests and Measurements September 9, 2018

PILLARS AND ETHICS 2 Abstract A fictitious psychologist (called Dr. Toby), reviews Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment , for a research project he is getting ready to workup for approval. He knows full well, the pillars of assessment are intended for assessing and researching in a clinical setting. Dr. Toby found a way to adapt his research project using the foundations provided by Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment. After adapting and learning about the pillars of assessment, Dr. Toby starts to review the any ethical considerations needed in the totality of the research project. Focusing on informed consent, how to report and correct any violations in ethical conduct, and how professional conflicts of interest can affect the team, and provide financial rewards for a member, when they should not be involved with the conflict.

PILLARS AND ETHICS 3 A psychologist (we will call him Dr. Toby) one day decided to do research on a topic he was quite interested in learning more about. For Dr. Toby to do the research study he developed a hypothesis about, he must have some knowledge, known or unknown, of Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment. Furthermore, Toby does not want to disrupt the normal everyday lives of the population sample he will be using for his research. Therefore, he has decided to research and follow standards and a code of ethics guidelines used by many of his peers, as they perform research. This story of a psychologist who is getting ready to do some research, will entwine Sattler’s pillars of assessment, and three important ethical guidelines he will have to consider when he is deep within his research. Dr. Toby wanted to find out why people have decided to move toward a process of ordering their groceries online, instead of visiting the grocery store for weekly shopping or multiple times a week. Therefore, he went online to search for questionnaires or surveys closely related to the human behavior he is trying to identify, and if he could not find any test related to his topic of interest, there is still the possibility to create one. This information he is seeking ties into what Sattler considered a norm-referenced test. It is a test with a large group of the population considered similar, or having similar standards, where the test is considered psychometrically stable (Lesson Week 1, 2018). Dr. Toby did find what he was looking for. Many retailers have already done some research in these behaviors, even though the behaviors are related to non-food purchases. It has a good foundation for him, and he can utilize the questionnaire and methods from the previous studies. However, Dr. Toby must still consider many factors from the previous research. He must question how he will administer the tests. He found questionnaires and surveys, but is this the way to go? Should he interview or allow his sample to fill out the questionnaires or surveys

PILLARS AND ETHICS 4 online, or use the traditional method of physical paper, and submission of the data utensil? This is the interview process indicated in the second pillar of assessment in Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment (Lesson Week 1, 2018). Since his research can be done in the field, or in a clinical setting, he has freedoms to how he conducts his data gathering. However, he might want to know more about the population he is using for his research. This information is extremely valuable to the research, and as stated before, Dr. Toby can utilize multiple processes to get the clinical information needed to report his results. One notable piece of information Dr. Toby should remember is this information is for research, and must have the necessary balances between trustworthy and non-trustworthy information given to him and his research team. Another factor Dr. Toby must consider is if the data he is pulling together is from online testing, there is not any observations or behaviors exhibited by the sample. If he does his questionnaire or survey as a one-on-one interview, he will be able to visually see the samples reaction to the questions, and allow for follow-up questions. This will deem the information trustworthy or not. The process of a one-on-one interview is not fully unique to Sattler’s Four Pillars of Assessment ; however, it is the third pillar (Lesson Week 1, 2018). If Dr. Toby is following the pillars as his way of performing his research, then he will do interviews with the population, and not as an online survey, or a fill out and mail-in survey. Why is this important for Dr. Toby? From experience, he will have knowledge and experience of being told something that may not be completely accurate, and is able to try to persuade the researcher to provide false data. It is possible to skew the results; however, if there is a large enough sample, this could only be an outlier, or not affect the end results. Furthermore, while the interview in being conducted, it is possible to make audio or video recordings, to provide a follow-up to the interview. Furthermore, interviews can also for an observation of the

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