Topic 1DQ2_PSY623

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One of the purposes of incarceration is incapacitation. Incapacitation is the concept that threats to the community are removed through a period of incarceration. So how can we appropriately balance the goal of incapacitation with the role of reintegration that correctional facilities must play? Are these two goals so juxtaposed that correctional facilitates can do neither goal appropriately? Access and read the GCU Statement on the Integration of Faith and Work. Explain how might a person with the Christian worldview approach the balance of the goal of incapacitation with the role of reintegration. Incapacitation prevents an individual from committing a criminal offense in society by exercising direct control over the individual while they are in custody. In other countries, incapacitation is not necessarily synonymous with imprisonment. It may involve physical violence or corporal disfigurement. Many Eastern Asian countries (in addition to the US and most of Europe) do not use such strategies in Western societies ( Punishment | Definition, Examples, Types, Effectiveness, & Facts , 2007) . However, some sex offenders are rendered incompetent in the US and Europe by chemical castration. This involves court- ordered treatment with a hormone that prevents the offender from sexual activity (which may also involve minor surgery). The benefits of incapacitation will also be greater for more punitive strategies. Most criminologists believe criminal behavior is unevenly distributed, with only a small percentage of offenders responsible for the vast majority of crimes. Moreover, the incapacitating effects of incarceration are only temporary. A prison cell can only put a criminal into a state of unconsciousness for as long as he is in it. Existing paradigms of punishment propose unifying goals of restitution or remediation. Punishments can happen by accident (and often do) to attain utilitarian ends, such as incapacitation, in holistic theories of punishment, which are not utilitarian in nature. From this point of view, incapacity is only a problem when it becomes the primary driver of a punishment program. Inmates in correctional facilities face a variety of social, economic and personal issues that can make it challenging for them to lead a crime-free life. Some of these issues stem from the offender’s past experiences, while others are directly related to the negative consequences of imprisonment and the subsequent difficult reintegration into society (Shivy & Guion). An offender’s history can include social exclusion and exclusion, physical or mental abuse, poor job or unemployment, early involvement in a criminal lifestyle, and more. An offender may also experience mental and physical impairment, as well as a range of health issues that can be caused by substance misuse or drug addiction. For criminals, the period between confinement and community supervision can be challenging

and add to the strain of living under community oversight. Many offenders have experienced several “collateral impacts” from their time in prison. A Christian may find a way to balance these objectives by seeing the process of incapacitation as a chance to redeem oneself and embark on a better path so that in life they can fulfill their God-given mission and responsibility. While Romans 8 would have you believe that nothing but the power of the Gospel can make such a change within the heart of the individual, the goal here is to draw a road map of reform that can be applied in the secular context of contemporary liberal society (Bacote & Perrin, 2019). While individuals cannot be absolved of sin entirely without the gospel, we do not seek to absolve criminals of all sin, only its most extreme manifestation through crime. While Restorative justice can help heal the emotional damage caused by a crime, it does not address the interpersonal harm that a criminal offense can cause. The question is, how do theological principles lead to a restoration of a criminal's inner life? Bacote, V., & Perrin, N. (2019, November 12). Redemptive Rehabilitation: Theological Approaches to Criminal Justice reform . Christian Scholar’s Review. https://christianscholars.com/redemptive-rehabilitation-theological- approaches-to-criminal-justice-reform/ Fagan, T. J., & Ax, R. K. (2010). Correctional mental health. SAGE Publications. Punishment | Definition, Examples, Types, effectiveness, & Facts. (2007, December 3). Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/punishment/Rehabilitation Shivy, V. A., & Guion, D. B. (2012). Forensics and the legal system. In N. A. Fouad, J. A. Carter, & L. M. Subich (Eds.), APA handbook of counseling psychology, Vol. 2: Practice, interventions, and applications. (pp. 393–415). American Psychological Association. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/13755-016

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