collision lab report

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Feb 20, 2024

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Conservation of Momentum: Collision in One Dimension Ashley Martinez, Sofia Martin, Juliana Herrera 10/20/23
Purpose The principle of conservation of momentum for a collision of two objects states that the total momentum of the system (the two objects) after the collision is equal to the total momentum of the system before the collision (provided that no net external force acts on either of the two objects). A collision in which kinetic energy is conserved is said to be elastic. One in which kinetic energy is not conserved is said to be inelastic. In either case, momentum is conserved. (In real life, collisions are always somewhere between elastic and inelastic.) The purpose of this exercise is to confirm the principle of conservation of momentum for (single) collisions of two objects and to observe the differences between elastic and inelastic collisions. Theory The principle of conservation of momentum for a one-dimensional collision of two objects can be written: m1v1i +m2v2i =m1v1f +m2v2 f, where the velocities are positive or negative depending on direction. This equation holds for all one dimensional, two-body collisions, regardless of whether they are elastic or inelastic collisions. sketch Inelastic Collisions In a “perfectly inelastic” collision, we have two separate objects before the collision, but after the collision, they are “stuck together” to form one single object.
m1v1i +m2v2i = (m1 +m2) Vf Elastic Collisions In a “perfectly elastic” collision, we have two separate objects both before and after the collision. In this case, total momentum is conserved [equation (1)] and total kinetic energy is conserved. The total kinetic energy of the system is given by: 1 2 m 1 v 12 i + 1 2 m 2 v 22 i = 1 2 m 1 v 12 f + 1 2 m 2 v 22 f glider 1 v 1i glider 2 v i 2 Before Collision glider 1 glider 2 v f After Collision glider 1 v f 1 glider 2 v f 2 After Collision glider 1 v 1i glider 2 v i 2 Before Collision
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