3_3LabAssignment

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Feb 20, 2024

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3.3 Lab Assignment: Waves Part 1: Wavelength, Frequency, and Wave Speed Open the simulation “Wave on a String” by clicking on the link in Canvas. Or hold the control [ctrl] key down and click on this link: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/wave-on-a-string Pause the simulation. Set the controls to Oscillate and No End (top left and right). Set the amplitude to 0.75 cm. Set the frequency to 1.00 Hz Set the Tension to Low. Set the Damping to zero. Click the box to show the rulers. Note the rulers mark centimeters (cm). Click play and observe the wave. To measure the wavelength, click pause. One wavelength is the distance to the next peak. In the below example, the wavelength is 1.1 cm (blue double arrow). This is not very precise, however. For better precision, position the horizontal ruler so that the 0.0 cm mark is over the left-most peak. Measure L to the right-most peak (purple arrow). L = 6.40 cm Then divide by the number of gaps between these end peaks. (Green numbers)
n = 6 λ = L/n = 6.40 cm/6 = 1.07 cm This is the most accurate way to get precise measurement of the wavelength. Use it here and in part 2. Make sure damping is set to zero and the no end and oscillate options are set. Start with tension on low. Set the frequency and wave tension to the following values. Let the wave fill the screen. Measure the wavelength and calculate the wave speed. Formula: Wave Speed = (frequency)(Wavelength) = f λ Tension Frequency f (Hz) Wavelength λ (cm) Wave Speed v (cm/s) Low 1.00 0.8571 0.8571. Low 1.25 0.9833 1.2291 Medium 1.50 2.0667 3.1001 Medium 2.00 1.65 3.3 High 2.00 2.1 4.2 High 3.00 2.1 6.3 Note: as presented in class, when you change the frequency of the wave but not the physical properties of the medium, the speed should not change. So, you should get approximately the same speed for each Tension setting in the above set of measurements. The simulation is capable of very high levels of accuracy, so if your wave speed varies by more than a few percent for the same tension setting, review your wavelength measurements to see if one of them is in error. As the tension on the string increases, the speed of the wave x a decreases b stays the same c increases For confirmation, look at the textbook Chapter 6, section 1 for a formula that can allow one to measure the wave speed of a wave on a string. Name the physical quantities the wave speed depends on for a wave on a string. There are two. The velocity of a wave propagating along a string is contingent upon two distinct physical quantities:
Frequency, denoted as "f," refers to the quantity of full oscillations or cycles of a wave that transpire inside a unit of time, namely one second. The unit of measurement for this quantity is hertz (Hz). The wavelength (λ) refers to the spatial extent between two successive locations in a wave that exhibit phase coherence, such as consecutive crests or troughs. Typically, the unit of measurement employed is either meters or centimeters. The equation provides a mathematical representation of the interdependence between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength. The equation for wave speed (v) can be expressed as the product of frequency (f) and wavelength (λ). Part 2 Doppler Effect Open the simulation link labeled “Physics Aviary Doppler Effect Simulation. https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/DopplerLab/ Student Object Speed m/s Wave Speed m/s Frequency Hz Baca, Jacob 0 then 100 150 4.0 Bltom, Biniam 0 then 98 145 3.9 Brion, Matthew 0 then 96 140 3.8 Clevenger, Christopher 0 then 94 135 3.7 Eldridge, Marcus 0 then 92 130 3.6 Higgins, Sean 0 then 90 125 3.5 High, Parker 0 then 88 120 3.4 Jimenez, Serena 0 then 86 115 3.3 Mejia, JeffreyLousie 0 then 84 110 3.2 Mohibi, Hasibullah 0 then 82 105 3.1 Poor, Travis 0 then 80 100 3.0 Powell, Anniya 0 then 78 150 4.0 Smith, Shawn 0 then 76 145 3.9 Tanner, Anthony 0 then 74 140 3.8 0 then 72 135 3.7 0 then 70 130 3.6 0 then 68 125 3.5 0 then 66 120 3.4 0 then 64 115 3.3 0 then 62 110 3.2 0 then 60 105 3.1 Instructor 0 then 58 100 3.0
Start by setting the object speed to zero . Set the Wave Speed and Frequency to the values listed by your name in the table. Click start and observe the wave fronts depicted in the simulation moving away from the source at the wave speed. Pause the simulation to measure the wavelength by noting the squares in the grid between one wave front and the next. Use the method described in part 1 to get precise wavelength measurements. Make a screen shot of your wave. Be sure the screen shot is big enough to fill the full width of the document. Paste Screenshot here.
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