Lab Atwoods Machine_Final

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School

Miami Dade College, Miami *

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Course

2048L

Subject

Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

pdf

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Uploaded by ChiefRiver9251

1 Pre Lab (5%) Comments: __5___ Format (5%) 1. Lab Title and Team members name. comments: 2. Each section clearly labeled, neat & organized. _2.5___/2.5 _2.5___/2.5 Purpose (5%) 1.Proper statement of purpose __5___ Apparatus & Procedure (11 %) 1. Independent and dependent variables are clearly identified 2. Diagram drawn with all components labeled 3. Clear and brief sequence of steps followed, including an explanation of the control of variables 4. Description of data collection methods. _3___/3 _2___/2 _3___/3 _3___/3 Data (15 %) 1. Measurements organized into a neat table; 2. Values are clearly labeled, correct units; 3. Significant figures of data; 4. Quality/range/ multiple trials (when appropriate); 5. Table of generated values, labeled with units. _3___/3 _3___/3 _3___/3 _3___/3 _3___/3 Evaluation of Data (31 %) 1. Graphs: • Variables on appropriate axes (use of units); • Quality of results. 2. Interpretation of graphs and Mathematical Model: • Brief written statements of relationships shown on the graphs; • Equation of the relationship obtained from the graph; • Correct interpretation of slope and y intercept. 3. Sample of Calculations with Units and Significant Figures 4. Answer to the Analysis questions. 5. Correct units and Calculation of % error. comments: _3___/3 _3___/3 _4___/4 _4___/4 _4___/4 _4___/4 _6___/6 _3___/3 Conclusion (28% ) Quality of written explanation of relationships. The discussion must include all of the following: 1. New terms and concepts: Definitions according to the textbook; 2. Physical meaning of slope / significance of Y-intercept; 3. Conditions and derivations of general equations; 4. Reasonable explanation for divergent results; 5. Textbook correlation. (4 %) comments: TOTAL: Grade: _4___/4 _4___/4 _12___/12 _4___/4 Appendix B: Individual Lab Report Rubrics Experiment _Atwood ’ s Machine and Newton ’ s Second Law_______________ Student Name: __Luis Goicoechea___________________________________

2 40 cm INTRODUCTION: Miami-Dade College PHY2048L Newton’s Second Law; Atwood’s Machine* Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to use an Atwood’s machine to determine the relationship between acceleration and the masses using acceleration vs difference in mass and acceleration vs total mass graphs and using Newton’s Second Law of Motion for a system of objects. Figure 1 PRELIMINARY QUESTIONS: 1. If two equal masses are suspended from either end of a string passing over a light pulley (an Atwood’s machine), what kind of motion do you expect to occur? Why? If there are two equal masses hanging from either end of a string passing over a light pulley, I expect there to be no motion unless some force is introduced, as the masses would be in equilibrium so the acceleration of the system would be zero. Logger Pro

3 2. Draw a free-body diagram of the left side mass. Draw another of the right-side mass. Include all forces acting on each mass and assume that the mass of the left is larger than the one on the right. Variables: Independent variables: Total Mass Difference in mass Dependent variables: acceleration PROCEDURE: Part I Constant Total Mass For this part of the experiment, you will keep the total mass used constant, but move weights from one side to the other. The difference in masses changes. 1. Set up the Atwood’s machine apparatus as shown in Figure 1. Be sure the heavier mass can move at least 40 cm before striking the floor. 2. Connect the Photogate with Super Pulley to DIG/SONIC 1 of the interface. 3. Open the file “10 Atwood’s Machine” in the Physics with Vernier folder. A graph of velocity vs. time will be displayed. 4. Arrange a collection of masses totaling 105g on m 2 and a 105g mass on m 1 . What is the acceleration of this combination? Record your values for mass and acceleration in the data table. 5. Move 5 g from m 2 to m 1 . Record the new masses in the data table. 6. Position m 1 as high up as it can go. Click to begin data collection. Steady the masses so they are not swinging. Wait one second and release the masses. Catch the falling mass before it strikes the floor or the other mass strikes the pulley. 7. Click the Examine button and select the region of the graph where the velocity was increasing at a steady rate. Click the Linear Fit button to fit the line y = mt + b to the data. Record the slope, which is

4 the acceleration, in the data table. 8. Continue to move masses from m 2 to m 1 in 5 g increments, changing the difference between the masses, but keeping the total constant. Repeat Steps 6 – 7 for each mass combination. Repeat this step until you get at least six different combinations. Part II Constant Mass Difference For this part of the experiment, you will keep the difference in mass between the two sides of the Atwood’s machine constant and increase the total mass. 9. Place a 20g and 30g total as ? 1 and ? 2 , respectively. 10. Repeat Steps 6 – 7 to collect data and determine the acceleration. Pulley Mass 1

5 11. Add 5g to each mass to increase both sides by the same amount as to keep the difference in mass 10g and increasing the total mass by 10g each time. Record the resulting mass for each combination in the data table. Repeat Steps 6 – 7 for each combination. Repeat the procedure until you get complete part II table. DATA TABLE: Part I: Total Mass Constant Trial m 1 (g) m 2 (g) Acceleration Trials ( ? / ? 2 ) Average acceleration ( ? / ? 2 ) ∆? (g) ? 𝑇 (g) 1 50 40 0.8152 0.8831 0.8506 0.8496 10 90 2 55 35 1.912 1.938 1.953 1.934 20 90 3 60 30 2.979 2.911 2.971 2.954 30 90 4 65 25 3.981 3.922 3.868 3.924 40 90 5 70 20 5.010 4.818 4.701 4.843 50 90 6 75 15 6.005 5.970 6.036 6.004 60 90 Part II: The Mass Difference Constant Trial m 1 (g) m 2 (g) Acceleration (m/s 2 ) Average acceleration ( ? / ? 2 )  m (g) m T (g) 1 30 20 1.636 1.635 1.634 1.635 10 50 2 35 25 1.357 1.349 1.359 1.355 10 60 3 40 30 1.170 1.133 1.137 1.147 10 70 4 45 35 1.015 1.018 1.004 1.012 10 80 5 50 40 0.8616 0.8714 0.8741 0.8690 10 90 6 55 45 0.8389 0.8346 0.8106 0.8280 10 100

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