Lab 6 PhET Blackbody Simulation
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PhET - Blackbody Spectrum
Introduction
In the following questions, you will use the
Blackbody Spectrum PhET Simulation
to investigate how
the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by objects is affected by the object's temperature.
In this simulation:
Check the boxes for “Graph Values” and “Labels”
Use the slider next to the thermometer to change the temperature and observe the change in
the spectrum of the radiation emitted.
After selecting “Graph Values”, put the cursor over the vertical dotted line. Then you can left
click with the mouse and move to the left or right.
The dot will move along the curve and you
can read the amount of light at each wavelength.
Below is a reminder of the categories of the
electromagnetic spectrum:
Part 1
Characteristics of the Blackbody Spectrum of an Incandescent Light Bulb
(4 points
)
1.
Set the temperature of the blackbody to 3000 K.
This is approximately the temperature of the
tungsten filament in an incandescent light bulb, which is a good blackbody.
2.
Use the zoom tools so that you can observe a large peak (4 on the vertical axis and 3 on the
horizontal axis would be good.)
Look at the information on each axis.
On the vertical axis is
“Spectral Power Density”. This is the amount of light given off at that wavelength and we can think
of it as the intensity of the light. On the horizontal axis is the wavelength of the light.
The units are
in micrometers (mm) and we will need to know the values in nanometers (nm).
1 mm = 1000 nm.
This means that if the value on the x-axis is 0.550 mm, then the value in nanometers is 550 nm.
3.
Based on the graph, does the light bulb produce visible light?
How can you tell?
4.
Does the light bulb produce X-rays?
How can you tell?
5.
In the spectrum made by the light bulb, which wavelength is most intense and how would you
classify it?
Wavelength _______________________
Type:_____________________
6.
Given your answer to #3 is an incandescent light bulb very good for its intended use?
Explain and
suggest alternatives.
7.
Based on the shape of the graph would you expect the light bulb to emit radio waves?
Would the
amount be significant?
Explain.
PhET - Blackbody Spectrum
8.
Click the camera button
. This will save the curve and it will turn gray.
Part 2 Comparing Spectra of Different Objects
(4 points)
1.
Set the temperature to 600 K, this is comparable to the temperature in a very hot oven.
Notice
that the RED line is the radiation emitted by the oven.
The line should appear flat, but it isn’t.
Zoom the y-axis in to read 0
.
001 (1x10
-3
) and zoom the x-axis out to 6.
2.
How is the curve produced by the oven similar to the curve produced by the light bulb?
3.
How is the curve produced by the oven different from the curve produced by the light bulb?
4.
If the power goes out in your kitchen, could you see in the dark using light from hot oven?
Explain.
5.
Set the temperature to 5800K.
This is approximately the surface temperature of the Sun.
You’ll
need to zoom in on the horizontal axis and zoom out on the vertical axis.
6.
Compare the most intense wavelength produced by the light bulb to the most intense produced by
the Sun
.
7.
Explain the relationship you see between the radiation emitted by the sun and the visible
spectrum.
8.
Is there evidence of the sun producing harmful ultraviolet radiation?
Explain.
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Learning Goal:
To understand the Bohr model of the hydrogen
atom.
In 1913 Niels Bohr formulated a method of
calculating the different energy levels of the
hydrogen atom. He did this by combining both
classical and quantum ideas. In this problem, we go
through the steps needed to understand the Bohr
model of the atom.
Part A
Consider an electron with charge -e and mass m orbiting in a circle around a hydrogen nucleus (a
single proton) with charge +e. In the classical model, the electron orbits around the nucleus, being
held in orbit by the electromagnetic interaction between itself and the protons in the nucleus, much
like planets orbit around the sun, being held in orbit by their gravitational interaction. When the
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Express your answer in watts per square meter.
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The energy-level diagram of a molecule shown in
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Figure
Energy (eV)
3.0-
2.5-
0.7-
0-
Part A
What is the longest wavelength of light that the molecule can emit?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
λ =
Value
Submit
Provide Feedback
A
Request Answer
PREZES
P
Units
?
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To understand the Bohr model of the hydrogen
atom.
In 1913 Niels Bohr formulated a method of
calculating the different energy levels of the
hydrogen atom. He did this by combining both
classical and quantum ideas. In this problem, we go
through the steps needed to understand the Bohr
model of the atom.
Part A
Consider an electron with charge -e and mass m orbiting in a circle around a hydrogen nucleus (a
single proton) with charge +e. In the classical model, the electron orbits around the nucleus, being
held in orbit by the electromagnetic interaction between itself and the protons in the nucleus, much
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Express your…
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Tutorial
How much more energy does a 73 nm photon have than a 7870 nm photon?
Does the 73 nm photon move at a greater speed than the 7870 nm photon?
Which photon has a higher frequency?
Part 1 of 4
The energy of a photon depends on its wavelength by the relation:
E =
hc
Part 2 of 4
We have an energy relation for each photon, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the 73 nm and 7870 nm photons, respectively. We can use these relations to express the
energy of the first photon in terms of the two wavelengths and the energy of the second photon.
E₁
E₂
E₁
E₁ =
hc
^₁
hc
1₂
12E2
^₁
E₂
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Tutorial
How much more energy does a 73 nm photon have than a 7870 nm photon?
Does the 73 nm photon move at a greater speed than the 7870 nm photon?
Which photon has a higher frequency?
Part 1 of 4
The energy of a photon depends on its wavelength by the relation:
Part 2 of 4
E =
We have an energy relation for each photon, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the 73 nm and 7870 nm photons, respectively. We can use these relations to express the
energy of the first photon in terms of the two wavelengths and the energy of the second photon.
E₁ =
E₂
hc
λ
E₁
E₁
=
=
hc
^₁
hc
12
ZE ₂
^₁
E₂
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What is the total momentum of the photons passing a cross section along the beam's path every second?
Express your answer in terms of the variables P and >, the Planck constant h, and the speed of light c.
Templates Symbols undo redo Teset keyboard shortcuts help
Plotal =
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https://applets.kcvs.ca/photoelectricEffect/PhotoElectric.html
A.
DIRECTION:
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Table 1
Sample Metals
Lowest frequency to produce photoelectrons
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Wavelength (in nm)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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