CollegePhysics2e-SSM-Ch01

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OpenStax College Physics 2e Student Solutions Manual Chapter 1
OpenStax College Physics 2e Student Solutions Manual Chapter 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE AND PHYSICS 1.2 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS 1. The speed limit on some interstate highways is roughly 100 km/h. (a) What is this in meters per second? (b) How many miles per hour is this? Solution (a) 100 km h × 1000 m 1 km × 1 h 3600 s = 27.77 m / s = 27.8 m / s (b) 100 km h × 1 mi 1.609 km = 62 mi / h 3. Show that 1.0 m / s = 3.6 km / h . Hint: Show the explicit steps involved in converting 1.0 m / s = 3.6 km / h . Solution 1.0 m s = 1.0 m s × 3600 s hr × 1 km 1000 m = 3.6 km / h 5. Soccer fields vary in size. A large soccer field is 115 m long and 85 m wide. What are its dimensions in feet and inches? (Assume that 1 meter equals 3.281 feet.) Solution 115 1 ft 0.3048 m = 377.3 ft = 377 ftlong 377.3 ft × 12 . 1.0 ft = 4528 . = 4.53 × 10 3 .long 85 1 ft 0.3048 m = 278.9 ft = 2.8 × 10 2 ft wide 278.9 ft× 12 . 1.0 ft = 3346 . = 3.3 × 10 3 .wide
OpenStax College Physics 2e Student Solutions Manual Chapter 1 7. Mount Everest, at 29,028 feet, is the tallest mountain on the Earth. What is its height in kilometers? (Assume that 1 kilometer equals 3,281 feet.) Solution 29,028 ft × 1 km 3281 ft = 8.847 km 9. Tectonic plates are large segments of the Earth’s crust that move slowly. Suppose that one such plate has an average speed of 4.0 cm/year. (a) What distance does it move in 1.0 s at this speed? (b) What is its speed in kilometers per million years? Solution (a) ( 4.0 cm y × 1 s ) × 1 m 100 cm × 1 y 365.25 d × 1 d 24.0 h × 1 h 3600 s = 1.3 × 10 9 m (b) 4.0 cm y × 1 m 100 cm × 1 km 1000 m × 10 6 y 1 My = 40 km / My 1.3 ACCURACY, PRECISION, AND SIGNIFICANT FIGURES 11. Suppose that your bathroom scale reads your mass as 65 kg with a 3% uncertainty. What is the uncertainty in your mass (in kilograms)? Solution δ m = 3% 100% × 65 kg = 2 kg 13. (a) A car speedometer has a 5.0% uncertainty. What is the range of possible speeds when it reads 90 km / h ? (b) Convert this range to miles per hour. ( 1 km = 0.6214 mi ) Solution (a) δv = 5.0% 100% × 90.0 km / h = 4.5 km / h 85 Thus,therange = 90.0 ± 5 km / h = ¿ 95 km / h . ¿
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