P142L08_Lab_Report_Template_v20230325

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University of Illinois, Chicago *

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142

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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7

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UIC Physics Department Physics 142 Laboratory Report Electromagnetic Induction Page 1 of 7 Electromagnetic Induction ሺExperimental Procedure and Data Analysisሻ Lab Section ሺDay & Timeሻ: ________________________________ Name: ________________________________________________________________________ Station#: ____________ Partner: ______________________________________________________________________ Initial Setup Make sure that Pasco 750 Interface is ON ሺA green light-emitting diode ሺLEDሻ on the front panel will lightሻ, and Power Supply is OFF. Check that the Magnetic Field sensor and Voltage sensor are plugged into Analog Channels A and B, respectively. If NOT, call your lab TA. Check that Magnetic field sensor is attached to the cart and its RADIAL/AXIAL switch is set to AXIAL ሺ↡↡ሻ and RANGE SELECT switch is set to 1X Then, start the Capstone program. To set up the hardware, Click on the Hardware Setup icon in the Tools palette. If the 750 interface is turned on and is communicating with the computer, this will bring a clickable picture of the front panel of the 750 interface. Click on “Analog Channel A” and add the “Magnetic Field Sensor” Click on “Analog Channel B” and add the “Voltage Sensor” Now, you can hide the “Hardware Setup” window by clicking on its icon. Drag a “Digits” display icon to the central page, then click ൏Select Measurement൐, choose “Magnetic Field Strength ሺ1Xሻ ሺTሻ” and change the number style to “Scientific Notation” with 3 significant figures. To do so, Click on the gear icon on the top menu of the “Digits” display, then click on “Numerical Format” and make the following changes: Number Style to Scientific Notation Number of Significant Figures to 3 and then click “OK” Next, drag “Graph” display icon to the center page. Click ൏Select Measurement൐ on the y-axis and choose “Voltage, Ch B ሺVሻ”, then click ൏Select Measurement൐ on the x-axis and choose “Time ሺsሻ”. Change the number style to “Scientific Notation” with 3 significant figures. To do so, Click “Data Summary” icon on left side menu, then under “Voltage Sensor, Ch B” click “Voltage, Ch B ሺVሻ, and then click on “Properties” icon. Click on “Numerical Format” and make the following changes: Number Style to Scientific Notation Number of Significant Figures to 3 and then click “OK” Now, you can close the “Data Summary” window by clicking on its icon and rearrange the voltage vs. time graph and magnetic field strength display any way you like.
UIC Physics Department Physics 142 Laboratory Report Electromagnetic Induction Page 2 of 7 Coil #1 must be attached to the gray PVC table through hole #6 via brass thumb screw with the washer between the base of the coil and table. Coil #2 must be attached to the gray PVC table through hole #5 via brass thumb screw with the washer between the base of the coil and table. Align the coil #1 base to the x6 – x6 line with the connectors on the base facing towards you. Align the coil #2 base to the x5 – x5 line with the connectors on the base facing towards you. Part 1. Induction with a Bar Magnet Let’s see what happens when a bar magnet is brought near a coil. Plug the red and black leads of the Voltage sensor into the white left-hand side and the white center connector at the base of Coil #1, respectively. Note: Induced EMF will be quite small ሺdozen of millivoltsሻ, so it’s a good idea to make the range of values along the vertical scale 0.1 V. To change the scale along either the 𝑦 െ or 𝑥 െaxis, grab any nonzero number on the axis ሺmouse icon will changeሻ, and drag up or down ሺ𝑦 െaxisሻ or drag left or right ሺ𝑥 െaxisሻ. Click the “Record” button the graph should display the induced EMF in the coil as a function of time. Take a couple of minutes to try a few experiments. Be creative – try moving the magnet close to the coil and back, moving it around, rotating it, etc. When you have a feel for how moving the magnet induces an EMF in the coil, click “Stop”. Let’s do some systematic tests with the coil and magnet 1.1. At a distance, point the “North” ሺredሻ end of the bar magnet toward the coil. Press “Record” and quickly move it closer to the plane of the coil. STOP moving just before the tip of the magnet is near the plane of the coil as shown in Figure 3. All this must be done in less than one second. Press “Stop” button when you are done. 1.2. In Figure 3, draw the magnetic field lines through the coil due to the bar magnet with the arrows indicating its directions. 1.3. What is happening to the magnetic flux through the coil as you move the “North” pole closer to the coil? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.4. Is the induced EMF positive or negative? Why? ________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.5. According to Lenz’s Law, the current induced in the coil will create a magnetic field that resists the change in flux. In Figure 3, draw the magnetic field lines ሺdashed linesሻ produced by the induced current with arrows indicating its direction. 1.6. In Figure 3, on the edge of the coil draw an arrow indicating the direction of the induced current. 1.7. In Figure 4, roughly sketch the induced voltage as a function of time you observed. Figure 4 Figure 3
UIC Physics Department Physics 142 Laboratory Report Electromagnetic Induction Page 3 of 7 1.8. Would the direction of the induced current correspond to a positive or negative voltage, as measured by the Voltage sensor? Hint: Look at the way the coil is wound ሺclockwise as viewed from the frontሻ and imagine that the coil is a battery, with current leaving the positive terminal. ________________________________________________________________________________ 1.9. Does your previous answer agree with your observation? ___________________________________________________ If NOT, go back over this argument carefully. It’s critical that you understand what just happened 1.10. When the magnet was stationary, what happened to the induced voltage? Explain your answer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.11. Now, place the north pole of the magnet directly at the center of the coil, then press “Record”, and this time, move the magnet away from the plane of the coil, back toward you. Then, press “Stop” button when you are done. 1.12. In Figure 5, draw the magnetic field lines through the coil due to the bar magnet with the arrows indicating its directions. 1.13. What is happening to the magnetic flux through the coil as you move the “North” pole farther from the coil? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 1.14. Is the induced EMF positive or negative? Why? __________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.15. In Figure 5, draw the magnetic field lines ሺdashed linesሻ produced by the induced current with arrows indicating its direction. 1.16. In Figure 5, on edge of the coil draw the arrow idicating the direction of induced current. 1.17. In Figure 6, roughly sketch the induced voltage as a function of time you observed. 1.18. Would this direction of the induced current correspond to a positive or negative voltage, as measured by the Voltage sensor? Hint: Look at the way the coil is wound ሺclockwise as viewed from the frontሻ and imagine that the coil is battery, with current leaving the positive terminal. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.19. Does your previous answer agree with your observation? __________________________________________________ If NOT, go back over this argument carefully. It’s critical that you understand what just happened Figure 5 Figure 6
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