Lab 8

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Collisions and Momentum Name Lab Procedure – Answer questions in red. Click and run the HTML5 application “collision-lab”. The screen should look like what is shown below. 1. From the main screen, select explore 1-D, and make the collisions 100% elastic to begin by using the slider bar. Experiment with one-dimension elastic collisions. Note that you can click the play arrow to begin a new simulation. After two masses collide, just press the pause button to stop all action before the masses hit the walls. Simranpreet Cheema

Note you can use the circular “reset” button on lower right to begin a collision again. 2. Select “Values” from the right-hand box. You may also want to select “velocity” from the right box as well. Make sure that the ball masses are 0.5 kg (green) and 1.5 kg (red). a) Calculate the momenta of the two balls, and the total momentum of the system before you start the collision. Use the convention of velocity vectors pointing right as positive, and vectors pointing left as negative. Explain the formula used, and give your results. To calculate the total momentum of the system before the collision use the formula- p=m*v and add the two values together Green ball (0.5kg) 0.5*1.0=0.50kg m/s Red ball (1.5 kg) 1.5*0.5=0.75kg m/s Total momentum= 0.50+0.75= 1.25 Now start the collision by pressing the play button. Stop the collision before any of the balls bounce off the border after they collide. b) Calculate the momenta of the two balls, and the total momentum of the system after the collision. Use the convention of velocity vectors pointing right as positive, and vectors pointing left as negative. Explain the formula used, and give your results. To calculate the total momentum of the system after the collision use the formula p=m*v and add the two values together. Green ball 0.5*1.25= 0.625 = 0.63 kg m/s Red ball 1.5*0.25= 0.375 = 0.38 kg m/s Total momentum= 0.63+0.38= 1.01 c) Was momentum conserved in this collision? Explain your result. Momentum was not conserved in this collision. The total momentum values were different before and after the collision. Momentum is conserved only when there are no external forces acting on the object.

d) Repeat the same collision if necessary. Calculate the kinetic energy of each of the two balls and the total kinetic energy of the two ball “system” before they collide. Explain any equations that you used, and give the results. To calculate the kinetic energy, use the formula – KE=0.5m1*v1^2+0.5m2*v2^2 KE= 0.5*0.5*(1.00)^2 + 0.5*1.5*(0.5)^2 KE= 0.4375 J e) Calculate the kinetic energy of each of the two balls and the total kinetic energy of the two ball “system” after they collide. Explain any equations that you used. To calculate the kinetic energy, use the formula- KE=0.5m1*v1^2+0.5m2*v2^2 KE= 0.5*0.5*(1.25)^2 + 0.5*1.5*(0.25)^2 KE= 0.4375 J f) Was kinetic energy conserved in the collision? Explain your answer. Kinetic energy was conserved during the collision. Both the KE values for before the collision and after the collision are the same. 3. Set up the same collision again. This time, though, set the collision “elasticity” to the far left, to full “inelastic”. You will repeat the same calculations as above…….

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