Measuring Motion and Uncertainty Worksheet (raco

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Clemson University *

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1030

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by roccocangemi

Measuring Motion and Uncertainty Worksheet These lab activities have evolved over many years of use in Clemson University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy general astronomy laboratory. Contributors include, in chronological order, Tom Collins, Mark Leising, Neil Miller, Peter Milne, Grant Williams, Donna Mullenax, Jessica Crist, Keith Davis, Amber Porter, Steven Bromley, and David Connick. Please direct all questions, complaints, and corrections to David Connick (dconnic@clemson.edu) who is responsible for all errors and omissions. Student Name:__Rocco Cangemi____ Lab Section:__________ II. Measuring by Hand 1) What is the inherent uncertainty of the ruler provided? (Remember to use the cm side of the ruler and the give the uncertainty in units of mm and cm). 2) Fill in the table with your hand made measurements for the motion of Mars and Jupiter. Planet First Measurement (cm) Second Measurement (cm) Third Measurement (cm) Average of Measurements (cm) Mars 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.3 Jupiter 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4667 3) What is the deviation of your measurements from the average for each planet? (this is experimental uncertainty) (Use units of cm to express your uncertainty) Mars:0.10 cm was the experimental uncertainty Jupiter: 0.0333 cm was the experimental uncertainty 4) Which of your uncertainties is larger (inherent or experimental)? (Denote which method and the value) It was larger for mars as the measurement was .1. the inherent uncertainty was smaller for Jupiter as it measured .0333 cm 5) Write your answer for the distance each planet traveled with uncertainty attached. (Example: 5.2 +/- 0.2 cm) Mars: 5.3+/-0.1 Jupiter: 1.4667+/-0.0333 6) When measuring distances in the sky we use units of degrees to denote changes in position on the celestial sphere. Using the scale provided for the images determine the conversion factor from centimeters to degrees.

Mars conversion: 2 degrees/1.3cm=1.5 degrees per cm Jupiter conversion: 1 degree/0.9cm=1.1 degree per cm 7) Using the uncertainties in your measurements, determine the range of possible distances traveled by completing the table. Planet Min distance (cm) Min distance (degrees) Max distance (cm) Max distance (degrees) Mars 5.2 7.8 5.4 8.1 Jupiter 1.433 1.577 1.5 1.65 8) Write the distance traveled with uncertainty attached in units of degrees for each planet. Mars: 7.95+/-0.15 degrees Jupiter: 1.61+/-0.04 degrees 9) Which planet traveled farther during the time period from August 24th to September 10 th and by how much? Mars travelled further by about 6.34 degrees 10) What is the minimum difference in travel distance between the two planets considering the uncertainties in measurements? (show or describe how you get your answer) The minimum would be 6.223 degrees. I got this by taking the minimum distance from mars (7.8) and the minimum distance from Jupiter (1.577) and subtracted them getting 6.223 11) Is the difference in travel distance consistent with what you know about these planets? (Think about Keplers 3rd law, write at least 3 sentences of explanation and reference the data you collected to support your answer) Kepler’s 3 rd law does in fact align with the data I collected. It shows that difference in distance affects the orbital path as well as the time. The planets that reside closer to the sun like mars will move a larger distance. This is inevitable because of the area and ground it would have to cover in its orbit.

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