Motion in two dimensions (video)

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School

West Chester University of Pennsylvania *

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130

Subject

Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by CaptainMink1541

T E M P L E U N I V E R S I T Y P H Y S I C S 1 9/15/2023 1:07 PM Motion in two dimensions Do you know what the kinematic equations of motion are? Refer to your text if you’re not sure. Then answer the following question. The kinematic equations are only applicable for analyzing the motion of an object when that object has which one of the following? a) Zero displacement b) Constant velocity c) Constant acceleration d) Increasing acceleration Learning Goals for This Lab: • Be able to determine speed and acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ from projectile motion data and graphs. • Understand that x and y motion are independent • Become familiar with the effect of constant acceleration on velocity and position • Gain experience graphing and interpreting data captured from video Apparatus: computer with PASCO Capstone software, ball, webcam, meterstick Part I. Capturing 2D motion on video We’ll use a webcam and the Capstone software to capture the 2D projectile motion of a ball. a) Place the webcam on top of the computer monitor and point it toward you. Open the Pasco Capstone software. Click the drop-down arrow next to Video Analysis and select “Capture video.” Select the Logitech camera. See image below.

2 b) For good results use these tips when capturing your video. • Make sure your ball stays the same distance from the camera throughout its trip (avoid angling the trajectory toward or away from the camera). • Make sure the area for capturing the video is well lit. • Hold a meterstick at the same distance from the camera as the ball so that you have an accurate length for distance calibration (pixels per meter). • You can repeat video capture as many times as needed until you have a good video to analyze. • To keep the file size small, plan to make the video brief by starting recording just before the ball is thrown and stopping just after it comes down. c) When you’re ready to capture your video, click record in Capstone, then toss the ball, then click stop. Repeat video capture if needed until you have a suitable video for analysis. Part II. Tracking the motion We’ll now track the motion of the ball to obtain position and velocity data. a) Click the “Enter video analysis mode” button on the toolbar at the top of the video (see figure below). This toolbar has several other useful tools that you can explore. b) Set the distance scale in your video using the yellow caliper-shaped. Match the scale tool to the meterstick in the video and enter the corresponding value in the caliper’s text box. c) As an option, you can also set the origin using the yellow x-y coordinates tool, but this is not required. d) If you like, before you start tracking the motion, make position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs in Capstone for both x and y motion and you will be able to see the graphs being populated with data in real time as you mark the position of the ball. Video Analysis

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