03 Physics 205L Atwood Machine S24
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Physics 205L Spring 2024
The Atwood Machine
Introduction
To understand motion, one must introduce the concept of force. A detailed quantitative
understanding also requires Newton's 2nd law and an organized analysis generally
involving a "free-body diagram". In this second laboratory exercise, you will apply such
an approach to an Atwood Machine in the form of a Smart Pulley. This interesting and
useful instrument interfaces with a computer to provide automatic measurement and
data collection as well as data analysis.
Objectives
Experimental:
To verify Newton's 2nd law.
Learning:
1) To become more familiar with Newton's 2nd law and free-body analysis.
2) To learn how to use the Smart Pulley.
3) To understand the Atwood Machine.
NOTE: You will need to upload the Capstone file of your collected data into
Canvas to get credit for the lab report (no emailed files accepted). The data
in the Capstone file must match the data in your report. You will need to
include one sample graph for each part of the lab.
Theory
Newton's 2nd law states that the net force (vector sum of all forces acting on a particular
object) is equal to the mass of the object times the resulting acceleration. In the case of
two masses suspended from an Atwood Machine, the application of this statement can
lead to and expression relating the acceleration to measurable and known quantities. By
calculating the acceleration from this expression and comparing it to the experimentally
measured acceleration (using kinematic expressions), Newton's important law can be
verified. In the space below, show a detailed free-body analysis of this motion and derive
the following expression for the magnitude of the acceleration (4 points).
a = [(m
1
-m
2
) / (m
1
+m
2
)]g
, where m
1
m
2
1
Experiment 3
Physics 205L Spring 2024
Apparatus
1.
PASCO Interface 850.
2.
Smart Pulley.
3.
Ring stands, table clamps and right-angle utility clamps.
4.
1.5 m of string and two mass hangers.
5.
A set of numbered masses 6.
PASCO Capstone.
Procedure
1.
Locate the Atwood Machine file on the desktop and open it.
2.
Using the top-loading electronic balance, measure and record the total mass of M
1
and M
2
. 3.
Put M
1
on one side of the pulley and M
2
on other side connected with a string. 4.
Move a numbered 2-, 5-, 10-, 20- grams mass (as assigned by the instructor) from
M
2
to M
1
. Record the mass of M
1
and M
2
in the table below. 5.
Raise M
1
up, dampen any movement, click RECORD, release, and monitor the
velocity, and then click STOP.
You should see a linear graph with a positive slope. 6.
Perform a linear curve fit to the velocity vs. time graph.The slope of the fitted data
yields the acceleration of the cart. Record this value in Table I along with the
uncertainty. Caution:
To report the measured acceleration in a manner that is
consistent with its uncertainty, you might need to modify the
display of the fitting parameter for each run. To change the
display of the fitting parameters, follow the instruction below:
Click the curve fit display box, right click within this box, and
select “Curve Fitting Properties.”
Choose “Numerical Format.”
Click the upside-down triangle next to “Coefficients” and
select “Fixed Decimal” from the drop-down menu next to
“Number Style.”
Choose a number greater than 4 from the drop-down menu
“Number of Decimal Places” and click the upside-down
triangle next to “Coefficients.”
Click the upside-down triangle next to “Coefficient
Uncertainties” and select “Fixed Decimal” from the drop-
down menu next to “Number Style.”
Choose a number greater than 4 in the drop-down menu
“Number of Decimal Places” and click the upside-down
triangle next to “Coefficient Uncertainties.”
Click “OK” located at the bottom right of the “Properties”
window. 7.
Repeat steps 4-6 until all numbered masses have been moved from M
2
to M
1
. Keep
the numbered masses in order when you move it.
2
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Related Questions
inspire Physics
PRACTICE Problems
ADDITIONAL PRACTICE
20. On Earth, a scale shows that you weigh 585 N.
a. What is your mass?
b. What would the scale read on the Moon (g = 1.60 N/kg)
21. CHALLENGE Use the results from Example Problem 3 to ar
would be exerted by the scale on a person in the following s
a. The elevator moves upward at constant speed.
b. It slows at 2.0 m/s² while moving downward.
c. It speeds up at 2.0 m/s² while moving downward.
d. It moves downward at constant speed.
In what direction is the net force as the elevator slows
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6. Please help me answer both parts to this physics problem
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PRE-LAB WORK: THE METHOD QUESTIONS
1. Create a force diagram of the car as it moves along the track.
2. Create a force diagram of the mass hanger as it moves towards the ground.
3. Create a force diagram of the system car and mass hanger as they move together.
4. How does the acceleration of the car compare to the acceleration of the mass hanger? Justify
your answer.
5. What causes the system to accelerate?
6. Do you expect the acceleration of your system to be smaller than, greater than or equal to the
acceleration due to gravity? Justify your answer.
7. Using Newton's Second Law and the diagram you created in question #3, give the acceleration of
the system as a function of the masses of the cart and the hanger.
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provide the following:
1. given
2. unknown
3. equation
4. solution
5. answer
*add diagram if applicable
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During a high speed chase, a fast running mouse collided with an elephant . The mouse rolled back after the collision. Using Newton's third law to explain the following.
A. Why does the mouse roll back?
B. Does the elephant have acceleration after the collision? If there is in what direction?
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1) A toy mobile is built like the one shown below.
Adequate
The diagram contains no
errors and each force is
labeled so that it is clearly
understood what each force
represents.
B
Mathematical procedure is
fully consistent with the
design. All quantities are
calculated correctly with
proper units. Final answer is
meaningful.
2
Adequate
Explanation is clear,
detailed, and shows physical
and conceptual
understanding. Explains
both what was done and
why.
3
Object A has a 1.0-kg mass. What should be the mass of object B? The numbers
indicate the relative lengths of the rods on each side of their supporting cords.
Ability A5: Is able to construct a force diagram
Needs Work
Inadequate
FD contains no errors in
vectors but lacks a key
feature such as labels of
forces with two subscripts
or vectors are not drawn
from single point, or
components are drawn
instead of forces.
2
1
FD is constructed but
contains major errors such
as incorrect mislabeled or
not labeled force vectors,
length of…
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Free Particle Model
Horse and Cart Problem
A horse is pulling on a cart, accelerating the cart forward.
The cart and rider have a combined mass of 150 kg.
The horse has a mass of 440 kg.
The horse pulls on the cart with 75 newtons of force.
What is a possible numerical value for the friction force on the cart? Explain why.
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Free Particle Model
Horse and Cart Problem
A horse is pulling on a cart, accelerating the cart forward.
The cart and rider have a combined mass of 150 kg.
The horse has a mass of 440 kg.
The horse pulls on the cart with 75 newtons of force.
. What is a possible numerical value for the forward force on the horse? Explain why.
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I need help+explanation for how to solve this problem
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Learning Goal:
Once you have decided to solve a problem using Newton's 2nd law, there are
steps that will lead you to a solution. One such prescription is the following:
• Visualize the problem and identify special cases.
• Isolate each body and draw the forces acting on it.
●
Choose a coordinate system for each body.
Apply Newton's 2nd law to each body.
Write equations for the constraints and other given information.
• Solve the resulting equations symbolically.
• Check that your answer has the correct dimensions and satisfies
special cases.
●
●
●
If numbers are given in the problem, plug them in and check that
the answer makes sense.
• Think about generalizations or simplifications of the problem.
As an example, we will apply this procedure to find the acceleration of a block of
mass m₂ that is pulled up a frictionless plane inclined at angle with respect to
the horizontal by a massless string that passes over a massless, frictionless
pulley to a block of mass m₁ that is hanging…
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Free Particle Model
Horse and Cart Problem
A horse is pulling on a cart, accelerating the cart forward.
The cart and rider have a combined mass of 150 kg.
The horse has a mass of 440 kg.
The horse pulls on the cart with 75 newtons of force.
1. Draw and label a force diagram for the cart to the left of the picture and for the horse to the
right of the picture. Add quantitative values for as many forces as possible.
2. What is a possible numerical value for how hard the cart pulls back on the horse? Explain
why.
3. What is a possible numerical value for the forward force on the horse? Explain why.
4. What is a possible numerical value for the friction force on the cart? Explain why.
5. Explain how Newton's first and third laws are represented in your previous answers.
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CAN someone please help me solve this I am having some problems with these questions .they are under the same question
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R Review questions
Prese
nge Tools Add-ons
Help
Last edit was 41 minu..
Background
Layout Theme
Transitlon
A 1,100 kg car comes uniformly to a stop. If the vehide is accelerating at-1.2 m/s, which
force is closest to the net force acting on the vehicle?
F -9,600 N
G -1,300 N
H-900 N
J-94 N
Formula
Information Given
Calculations
Answer
- notes
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AR Review questions a
D Present
rrange Tools Add-ons Help
Last edit was 41 minu.
Background
Layout-
Theme
Transition
A group of students calculated the acceleration of a
box moving across the table. They did this by
measuring the mass of the box and the force applied,
and used the formula F=mxa. Students discovered
that the actual acceleration was lower than what they
had calculated. What force might account for the
slower rate of acceleration compared to what their
calculations predicted? Explain your answer.
Write your response here:
eaker notes
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Identify the following statements if they indicate the first law, second law or third law of motion. Choose
from the box below and write the corresponding letter of the correct answer.
a. Law of Inertia
b. Law of Acceleration
c. Law of Interaction
d. none of the above
1. A bicycle or car will keep moving unless the rider or driver applies a frictional force through the
brakes to stop it.
2. Running
3. When you bump into someone, you fall back
4. A car still moves for a short period of time even after the brakes have been applied
5. Karma.
6. Pushing a shopping cart full of groceries.
7. pushing a stailed car
8. A situation where your dirty room will not be cleaned unless ordered by your mom.
9. Lying on top of your bed
10. Jumping up
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Physics
Please help me with this Physics homework question. THIS IS A PRACTICE HOMEWORK QUESTION. Please, it helps.
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Directions: Write TRUE is the statement is correct but if it is false, change the underlined words with the
correct answer.
1. A force is a push or pull
2. Force is a galar quantity
3. The unit of force is Newton (N)
4. In general, a body can have several forces acting on it at the same time
5. Inertial frame of reference are reference frame where Newton's First law are observable.
6. Another effect of a balanced force, equilibrium, is that a body accelerates.
7. The heavier the object, the lesser the inertia.
8. Forces acting on a body are unbalanced if the resultant force is not zero
9. In an inertial reference frame, No forces should be exerted within the frame.
10. Normal force is lateral in nature.
П.
Identify Action Reaction Pairs
A student in hot air balloon ascends vertically at a constant speed. Consider the four forces in this
situation:
Fl= the weight of the baloon
F2= the weight of the student
F3= the force of the student pulling on the earth
F4= the support force of the…
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2. In this lab you will use a cart that has a fan mounted on it as seen
in Figure 1. The fan will push the cart along a track. Draw a free
body diagram showing the force from the fan and the force of
friction acting on the fan cart. Write an equation showing the total
force acting on the cart.
Figure 1: Fan cart
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DIVISION OF GEN. TRIAS CITY
Project ISuLAT Activity Sheets in Science
(Intenaified Support to Learning Alternetiven Throurh Modules and Worksheets)
• Written Works
DIRECTIONS: Read each question carefully and encircle the correct answer.
1. Which is TRUE about a truck that is at rest?
A. It has no speed.
B. It has less mass.
C. It has more mass.
D. It has no momentum.
if i car possesses 20 000 units of momentum, What would be the car's new monmentum
its velocity was doubled?
A. 40,000 units
C. 60,000 units
D. 70,000 units
B. 50,000 units
3. Why does a moving truck have more momentum than a car moving at the safne
speed?
A. The car is on the truck.
B. The truck has less mass.
C. The truck has more mass.
D. The car has more velocity.
4. When is kinetic energy greatest on a roller coaster?
A. at the top of the highest hill
B. at the bottom of the highest hill
C. at the end of the ride
D. at the beginning of the ride
5. What energy is present when pulling an arrow back?
A. kinetic energy…
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Answer the following with the correct letter.
1. Which law has this statement? “When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body”.
a. First Law
b. Second Law
c. Third Law
d. Law of Gravitation
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Learning Goal:
Once you have decided to solve a problem using Newton's 2nd law, there are
steps that will lead you to a solution. One such prescription is the following:
• Visualize the problem and identify special cases.
• Isolate each body and draw the forces acting on it.
• Choose a coordinate system for each body.
Apply Newton's 2nd law to each body.
• Write equations for the constraints and other given information.
• Solve the resulting equations symbolically.
• Check that your answer has the correct dimensions and satisfies
special cases.
• If numbers are given in the problem, plug them in and check that
the answer makes sense.
• Think about generalizations or simplifications of the problem.
As an example, we will apply this procedure to find the acceleration of a block of
mass m2 that is pulled up a frictionless plane inclined at angle 0 with respect to
the horizontal by a massless string that passes over a massless, frictionless
pulley to a block of mass m₁ that is hanging…
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AP Physics Revision Worksheet
Method
The mass of a cart was measured in kilograms and recorded into a table.
The equipment was set up, as shown in the diagram above, using a dynamics track and a Super Pulley with Clamp on one end, and a motion sensor with a data collector on the other end.
One end of a piece of thread was tied to a hook on the front of the cart, and the other end tied to a mass hanger.
The angle of the pulley was adjusted so that the thread was held parallel to the track, as shown.
The first column of data represents the total mass of the system that will remain constant for the duration of the lab. It consists of the following: Mass of cart = 500 g (0.5 kg)
Mass added to cart (5 x 20 g masses) = 100 g (0.1 kg)
Mass of hanger = 5 g (0.005 kg)
One…
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Question 15
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
P
Flag question
An object has zero initial speed. Two forces are acting on it. Force 1, which acts to the right, is
less than Force 2 which acts to the left. The object will move.
Select one:
O a. to the right
O b. the object will not move
O c. upward
O d. downward
O e. to the left
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- Free Particle Model Horse and Cart Problem A horse is pulling on a cart, accelerating the cart forward. The cart and rider have a combined mass of 150 kg. The horse has a mass of 440 kg. The horse pulls on the cart with 75 newtons of force. . What is a possible numerical value for the forward force on the horse? Explain why.arrow_forwardI need help+explanation for how to solve this problemarrow_forwardLearning Goal: Once you have decided to solve a problem using Newton's 2nd law, there are steps that will lead you to a solution. One such prescription is the following: • Visualize the problem and identify special cases. • Isolate each body and draw the forces acting on it. ● Choose a coordinate system for each body. Apply Newton's 2nd law to each body. Write equations for the constraints and other given information. • Solve the resulting equations symbolically. • Check that your answer has the correct dimensions and satisfies special cases. ● ● ● If numbers are given in the problem, plug them in and check that the answer makes sense. • Think about generalizations or simplifications of the problem. As an example, we will apply this procedure to find the acceleration of a block of mass m₂ that is pulled up a frictionless plane inclined at angle with respect to the horizontal by a massless string that passes over a massless, frictionless pulley to a block of mass m₁ that is hanging…arrow_forward
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