AZT-MI1 - Magnetic induction

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Iowa State University *

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3210L

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Physics

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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15

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Lab MI1 – Page 1 Lab MI1 - Magnetic induction Equipment USB digital oscilloscope (PicoScope 2204A), with two probes Picoscope Quick Guide (there should be a hard copy of this document on each table, and it is also posted as a PDF in this experiment’s module on Canvas.) 4 banana wire plugs with loops Function generator 1 BNC to double lab wire adapter Magnet bar 3200-turn coil Solenoid Mounted coil with adjustable number of turns and adjustable orientation. 300- resistor Goniometer Assortment of lab wires
Lab MI1 – Page 2 Preparation of the oscilloscope Turn all instruments off and remove all wires and cables from the terminals of the instruments. Open the PicoScope 6 software (on your computer’s desktop). Connect the BNC end of one probe to channel A of the oscilloscope. The pointy end of the probe can be pulled back to reveal a hook. Snap the probe hook and the probe ground to two of the banana plugs with loops. Make sure the attenuation switch on the side of the probes is set to X1. Probe compensation Before we proceed to more precise work, we need to check the compensation of the two probes on your table. The instructions to check and correct the compensation of a probe are on the second page of the PicoScope Quick Guide. Have you checked the compensation of both probes? yes Once the compensation is completed, move the attenuation switch on the sides of the probes back to X1. Done? yes
Lab MI1 – Page 3 Activity 1: Coil and magnet For this activity, we will use the small 3200-turn coil shown on the right, and the small bar magnet. Connect the channel A probe to the ends of this coil. Oscilloscope settings: Trigger: Auto on channel A (keep this for the entire lab). Channel A: 5 V, 1 s/div (adjust as needed, this is just a good initial setting) Orient the coil with the label that indicates the number of coils toward you (the label will be upside down). Move and hold the magnet in various ways through or near the coil, until you become familiar with what actions or arrangements result in an induced EMF detected by the oscilloscope. 1.1. Can you find any location of the magnet with respect to the coil at which the magnet generates an EMF in the coil when both the coil and magnet are at rest? Explain. 1.2. Thrust the magnet into the front face of the coil south pole first (positions 1 to 2 in the figure), and then pull it out.
When you look at the graph you can see that when the magnet is going into the coil, it increases but when the magnet comes out of the coil, volatge decreases. Lab MI1 – Page 4 Insert below a scope display showing this EMF. Indicate on the figure the parts that correspond to the magnet moving in and out of the coil. Explain how the signs of the observed EMF in both parts is consistent with Faraday’s law. How does the speed of the motion of the magnet affect the observed EMF? Is this result consistent with Faraday's law? Explain.
When inserting the north pole first we can see that the voltage decreases once the magnet in the coil and then it decreases when the magnet comes out of the coil. Lab MI1 – Page 5 1.3. Now thrust the magnet into the front face of the coil north pole first, and pull it out. Discuss the differences with having the south pole first.
Lab MI1 – Page 6 ε ε Activity 2: Time-dependent magnetic field produced by a solenoid Background Consider a coil with N turns, each with cross-sectional area A , in a uniform magnetic field B , as shown in the figure to the right. The area vector of the coil A makes an angle θ with the direction of the magnetic field. The magnetic flux through the coil is given by: B NB A NBA cos θ If this flux changes with time, an EMF will be induced in the coil. According to Faraday’s law, the magnitude of this induced EMF is determined by the rate of change of the magnetic flux: induced  B t In today’s setup, the reason the EMF changes is that the magnitude of the magnetic field depends on time. Then, induced N B A cos θ t
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