One Dimensional Motion-1

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New Jersey Institute Of Technology *

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111A

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Physics

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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10

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Physics Laboratory Report Lab 109: One-Dimensional Motion Name: Cristopher Guaman Group ID: 4 Date of Experiment: 09/22/2022 Date of Report Submission: 09/29/2022 Course & Section Number: 111A005 Instructors Name: Thomas Gilman Partners Name: Isabella, Jefferin, Khalid Introduction OBJECTIVES: Preforming this experiment, we were able to understand the relationship between initial velocity (Vo), time (t), final velocity (V), acceleration (a), and displacement (Δ x or X-Xo ). We isolated these factors into a one-dimensional moving object where we eliminate and ignore the effect of friction. The information was gathered using photogates, lasers that measure the time and velocity at a point, we produced graphs analyzing final velocity (V) vs time (t) and final velocity squared (V 2 ) vs time (t). THEORETICAL BACKGROUND: Given the equations: V=Vo+at and V 2 = V o 2 +2 a Δ x we can plug in our information gathered from the experiment to calculate for a. We know velocity is measured by distance covered over time as seen in miles per hour. For this experiment our velocity was calculated by the equation V=Δ x/ Δ t. Δx representing the change of position divided by Δt ; representing the change of time over the change in position. We can rearrange the equations V=Vo+at into a=(V-Vo)/t to calculate for acceleration. Acceleration or deceleration is the change of velocity given an interval of time.
Experimental Procedure: The image below represents the basic set up of the experiment: The drawing on the top is the representation for experiment 1 The drawing on the bottom is a representation for experiment 2 For experiment one : The air track was place at an angle of 6 degrees measured from the top of the air track. One photogate was positioned at .3 meters and the second photogate at .6 meters. We measured the time at first photogate and second gate and velocity at each photogate using the software provided. We ran each trial 3 times and determined our values with their average. The second photo gate was changed in intervals of .3 meters until the 1.8 meters was reached. Each time it was ran 3 time and averaged to use that value. With these values a graph was plotted: final velocity (V) vs time (t) and final velocity squared (V 2 ) with time (t).
The height, angle, friction, glide and photo gates remained constant for this experiment. All these variables being our controlled variables. The independent variable is the distance between the photogates and the dependent variable is the final velocity. For experiment two : The air track was place at an angle of 6 degrees measured from top as experiment one. The photogates were removed, and acceleration device was place in the front of the air track as displayed above. We used the software provided and we were given graphs of position vs time and velocity vs time. The height, angle, friction, and glider remained constant for this experiment. All these variables being our controlled variables. The independent variable is the distance between the of the air track and the dependent variable is the acceleration. RESULTS: Experiment 1 Length of the flag: .799 m Position of the 1 st photogate (m) Position of the 2 nd photogate (m) Distance between the photogates (X axis ) Time at photogate 1 T 1 (s) Time at photogate 2 T 2 (s) Time between photogate 1 and 2 Δt (s) Velocity at photogate 1 (v) Velocity at photogate 2 Acceleration (m/s s ) 30 60 30 0.117 0.0731 0.3683 0.68293 1.09286 1.112840 30 90 60 0.1165 0.0576 0.6262 0.66626 1.388666 1.15362504 30 120 90 0.1167 0.0494 0.8266 0.68466 1.6186 1.129803621 30 150 120 0.1177 0.0439 1.0063 0.67966 1.819633 1.13275479 30 180 150 0.1172 0.0399 1.16596 0.6826 2.0069 1.135795763 Experiment one Results
The graph 1: Final velocity vs time Velocity Squared vs Time 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Final Velocity m/s Time Final velocity vs Time 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 Final velocity squared Displacement Velocity squared vs displacement
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