Rotational_Equilibrium_Lab_102-1

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San Francisco State University *

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102

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Physics

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Jan 9, 2024

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pdf

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5

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Lab: Rotational Equilibrium Physics 1 0 2 Introduction In the course of this laboratory the ideas of the conditions of equilibrium, center of mass, and extended free-body diagrams will be applied. As part of this investigation you will explore and build on your understanding of mass and mass distribution when situations involving equilibrium are considered. The concepts of net force and net torque will be utilized in examining a rigid body in equilibrium. The condition for equilibrium is that the net force and the net torque are equal to zero. You will make observations of the motion of rigid objects about a pivot of negligible friction that is passing through the object’s center of mass or slightly to the side of it. The concept of center of mass and its role in determining a condition of equilibrium will be addressed. The importance of considering both net force and net torque will be demonstrated. Equipment This lab uses two different set-ups: 1. Masses balanced on a ruler. 2. A rigid object (T-shaped board) rotating on a pivot. For experiment with the T-shaped board, it is extremely important to be gentle with the screw that attaches the board to the pivot. Furthermore, the board should rest on the smooth metal part of the pivot, NOT the threads of the screw. In this lab, we will not be using the computer . Consult your instructor if you have difficulties.
Lab: Rotational Equilibrium Physics 1 0 2 2 1. Balancing 1.1 Obtain a ruler, a cylindrical dowel, a piece of clay, and a set of identical metal nuts. Set up your ruler on the dowel so that it balances at the 15 cm mark. A. Place 3 nuts 10 cm to the left of the pivot. Predict where you would you have to place a stack of 3 nuts on the right side so that the ruler balances? Test your prediction. Can you place the stack of 3 nuts on the right side anywhere else to achieve balance? Describe what the ruler does when the stack of nuts is placed: less than 10 cm from the pivot? more than 10 cm from the pivot? B. Would the ruler balance if you placed a stack of six nuts at 10 cm from the pivot? (Test your prediction.) Predict whether you have to place the 6 nuts less than 10 cm from the pivot or more than 10 cm from the pivot ? Explain. Test your prediction.
Lab: Rotational Equilibrium Physics 1 0 2 3 1.2 Record your observations in the following table. Nuts on the left side Nuts on the right side 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot 6 nuts at ______________ from the pivot 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot 2 nuts at ______________ from the pivot 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot 10 nuts at ______________ from the pivot 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot 1 nut at ______________ from the pivot Do you notice any patterns at this point? Record any initial ideas. 1.3 Developing a Rule A. Suppose you could now separate the stack of 3 nuts on the right side . Come up with two different arrangements of the 3 nuts that will keep the ruler balanced. (Keep the stack of 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot on the left.) Explain and record your results for all the situations that balance in the following table. Nuts on the left side Nuts on the right side 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot 3 nuts at 10 cm from the pivot B. Suppose 2 nuts were placed 5 cm to the left of the pivot and 1 nut was placed 2 cm to the right of the pivot on the ruler. Predict: where could you place an additional single nut on the right side of the pivot such that the system balances? Explain. Test your prediction. C. Try to develop a mathematical rule that will allow you to predict whether the ruler will balance.
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