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Student Name: Mehak Vidhani FAD McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and US v. Lopez (1995) Assignment SCOTUS Cases Involving Federalism The balance of power between the national and state governments has changed over time based on US Supreme Court interpretation of (these) cases. Complete the items for each case using the task verbs as your guide. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Relevance of the case : In deciding this case about a national bank and state taxes, the court established supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws over state laws. Discuss the facts. – In the McCulloch v Maryland case Maryland tried to tax the Second bank of the US. James McCulloch refused to pay the tax. This led to a legal dispute. Maryland was still asserting its rights to tax a federal institute. Identify the Constitutional Issue(s). – The Constitutional issues were whether Congress had the authority to tax a national band and whether the state could tax it. Which raised questions about congresses powers and how they affect people. Discuss the Holding and Constitutional Principles. –The holding and constitutional principles is when the Supreme Court had the authority to put the national bank under the proper clause. Also, the court established implied powers which says that federal laws over state laws. Discuss the Reasoning. – The reasoning is that the court said that the creation of the national bank included duties such as collecting taxes. Chief Jstice Jhon Marshall said specific authorities that’s needed to keep the federal government operating were implied in the constitution. Summarize the Opinion. – In the end it was stated that Maylands attempt to tax the bank was written as unconstitutional and that congress is granted implied powers over the constitution. Which emphasized the implied powers significance. Explain the Impact by showing similarities and differences between the case and a scenario. An example of a current event/scenario is the issue of states legalizing marijuana. The impact of McCulloch v Maryland is evident in the recognition of implied powers and the supremacy of federal law. The debate over state-level marihuana legalization is similar due to both being controversial and its great effects on society. They also both deal with federal powers and state powers. A difference is one is related top drug abuse and problems while the McCulloch v. Maryland is related to gun laws. Provide the Source link to your research. https://www.cato.org/policy-analysis/effect-state-marijuana- legalizations-2021-update United States v. Lopez (1995) Relevance of the case : Congress exceeded its power under the Commerce Clause when it made possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime. This case (introduced) a new phase of federalism that recognized the importance of state sovereignty and local control. Discuss the facts. -
In United States v. Lopez, a high school named Alfonzo Lopez violated the commerce clause which made it illegal to possess a gun in a school zone by bringing a weapon. This case involved the federal government’s authority as well as the government’s jurisdiction over the possession of firearms in school zones. Identify the Constitutional Issue(s). – The Constitutional issue was whether congress had the authority to regulate firearms in a school zone or not. Discuss the Holding and Constitutional Principles – The supreme court ruled that congresses authority under the commerce clause was more important and more relevant than the Gun-free School Zones Act. Thus emphasized the need for a direct connection between the regulated activity and interstate commerce. Discuss the Reasoning – The court reasoned that the possession of a gun in the school zone didn’t have an impact. The ruling emphasized the necessity of direct connection between the federal commerce authority and regulated activity. Summarize the Opinion – The option of the Lopez court case emphasized the need to keep a balance in the constitution and to limit the expansion of federal power. The court ruled that the Hun-Free School Zones Act violated the federalism Principles. The case also showed that the act went beyond the commerce clause. The telling maintained the balance between the federal government and states reinforcing their limits of federal power. Explain the Impact by showing similarities and differences between the case and a scenario. An example of a current event/scenario is the issue of sanctuary cities . The importance of restricting federal power has increased due to the United States v. Lopex. Today the debate raised similar issues regarding the scope of federal power due to the disagreements between state immigration policies. Provide the Source link to your research. https://cis.org/Map-Sanctuary-Cities-Counties-and-States
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