AP GOV - AMSCO 5

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College of Southern Maryland *

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1010

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Political Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by GrandCrocodileMaster428

Pluralism - many views that result in agreement on some issues (but not in some?) Lobbying - urging government officials to do their will Free rider problem - people that benefit from the groups purpose but do not support them Hyperpluralism - many interest groups competing Iron triangles - bonds among an agency, congressional committee, and interest groups Issue networks - sort of like interest groups but only formed because of specific issues and are not usually long term Direct lobbying - interest groups use this method to exert influence (write articles, issues press releases, etc) Lobbyists - people who lobby Insider strategies - quietly persuading government decision makers through exclusive access Outsider strategies - public efforts to influence policy with such things as lawsuits or get-out-the vote drives Client interaction - telling clients about strategy Legislative activity - providing info/researching and drafting bills Social media - monitoring congressional activity, targeting outreach Implementation - testifying on bills/filing amicus curiae briefs. Electoral activity - advertising, making PAC donations Other activity - meetings, business development/media commentary Non profit organizations are divided into two categories (tax classification): 501(c)(3) - churches and certain hospitals can receive tax deductions for charitable donations 501(c)(4) - certain social welfare organizations can lobby and campaign, but cant spend more than half of their money on political issues

Richer and well-funded groups have more influence and better access to government Endorsement - a public expression of support (sort of like a sponsorship) Grassroots lobbying - informing, persuading, and mobilizing large numbers of people (usually considered an outsider technique) Grasstops campaigning - targeting particular individuals who have influence, and reaching out to them, rather than to the masses of people 5.7 AFL - american federation of labor (used labor strikes: did not work) AFL merged with CIO (congress of industrial organizations) to make a large union of steelworkers, miners, and unskilled workers Trade associations - interest groups made of business within the specific industry NAM - national association of manufacturers 16th amendment - empowered congress to tax individual incomes (enhanced national treasury and encouraged groups to push for more services) 17th amendment - empowered citizens to elect us senators directly (replaced old system where state legislators and party caucuses just wriggled their candidates into senator spots, therefore now have to look at everyone’s views instead of the elites only) 19th amendment - granted women the right to vote (doubled voting population) Progressive era interest groups: Veteran of foreign wars - to secure rights for military veterans National association for the advancement of colored people - to advocate for racial justice and civil rights Urban league (originally called committee on urban conditions among negroes) - to prevent discrimination, especially in northern cities

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