Chapter 23 Questions

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Political Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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Chapter 23 Questions 1. What major ideological conflicts, security interests, and events brought about the Cold War? The United States and Soviet Union were ideologically at odds. The United States wanted to continue to encourage and support individual freedom, democracy, and capitalism. While the Soviet Union supported limited freedom and the idea of a communist dictatorship economy. Both countries were trying to spread their beliefs and wants to the rest of the world. These events eventually led to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, and their relationship today continues to be a downward spiral. 2. President Truman referred to the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan as “two halves of the same walnut.” Explain the same similarities and differences between these two aspects of containment. The Truman Doctrine referred its budget for military aid towards Turkey and Greece but set an American precedent and led towards the creation of military alliances against the Soviet Union. The Marshall plan was similar as it put money towards the recovery of Europe. Both plans wanted to spread American power, responsibility, and ideology. Unlike the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall plan differed because it focused more on poverty, hunger, and other economy issues. 3. How did the tendency of both the United States and the Soviet Union to see all international events through the lens of the Cold War lessen each country’s ability to understand what was happening in various countries around the world? Both the United States and the Soviet Union had their own ideas of spreading freedom. All

international events were seen as being for or against America in the states and it was the opposite in the Soviet Union. Throughout the cold war era, anytime there was a conflict in the world, it was seen as a chance for America to turn back the feared side of Communism. In the Soviet Union, each conflict was seen as a chance to spread communism and influence more of the world. Both countries believed they were doing right to the rest of the world, yet they became to the real-world problems and needs. 4. Why did the United States not support movements for colonial independence around the world? The United States did not support these movements because economic interests had a greater influence on foreign policies rather than promoting freedom. During this time, the United States was dependent on the stability of Europe and Asia, not Latin America, Africa, and other nations. The United States was supporting Europe after World War two when the economy was crushed by the war. America supported nations and groups in places that were beneficial for its own economy and politics. It would have stretched the American resources too far to support all freedom-seeking people, therefore hurting the nations alliances and economy. 5. How did the government attempt to shape public opinion during the cold war? The new target through the cold war era after World War two was communism. The ultimate goal was to demonize communism and amplify capitalism, because this pursuit would allow them to seek other goals. The United States government did all they could policy- wise to minimize the communist presence in the United States. The government felt the

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