Textbook Chapter 1
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School
California State University, Los Angeles *
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Course
1000
Subject
Political Science
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
Pages
4
Uploaded by ChancellorWolverine4119
Chapter 1 Questions
1. What goods are available to all without direct payment?
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B. public goods
Goods that are provided by the government without payment are public goods, these include
national security and education. “Therefore, some goods are provided by the government. Such
goods or services that are available to all without charge are called public goods.”
2. In which form of government does a small group of elite people hold political power?
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C. oligarchy
“A country where people elect representatives to make political decisions for them depends on
the ability and willingness of ordinary people to make their voices known, unlike an oligarchy
dominated by only a small group of people.”
3. What is the difference between a representative democracy and a direct democracy?
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The difference between direct democracy and representative democracy is how people
can be involved. In a representative democracy, such as the United States, the citizens
cannot and do not make decisions directly, and instead elect a chosen person to make
these decisions for them. The people can be elected through a ‘majority vote’ which is
what most democracies use to elect their representatives. On the other hand, direct
democracy allows citizens to directly input their own ideas and participate directly in
making these important decisions.
4. What does government do for people?
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The government influences and has control of everything revolving around everyone
from small to large things. They have control over our housing, economy, food,
education, jobs, etc. They also provide basic necessities that can be known as “public
goods”, which are: public education, public transportation, mail service, food, housing,
health care for the poor, and public security.
5. The elite theory of government maintains that ________.
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D. wealthy, politically powerful people control government, and government has no
interest in meeting the needs of ordinary people
In short, the elite theory explains that the government is solely made up and only interested in the
likes of the wealthy powerful people in America.
“According to elite theory, the wealthy use their power to control the nation’s economy in such a
way that those below them cannot advance economically. Their wealth allows the elite to secure
for themselves important positions in politics.”
6. According to the pluralist theory of government, ________.
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B. government policy is formed as a result of the competition between groups with
different goals and interests
“According to pluralist theory, people with shared interests will form groups in order to make
their desires known to politicians. These groups include such entities as environmental
advocates, unions, and organizations that represent the interests of various businesses. Because
most people lack the inclination, time, or expertise necessary to decide political issues, these
groups will speak for them. As groups compete with one another and find themselves in conflict
regarding important issues, government policy begins to take shape.”
7. Which of the following is a good example of a tradeoff?
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A. The government pleases environmental activists by preserving public lands but also
pleases ranchers by allowing them to rent public lands for grazing purposes.
“Tradeoffs also occur as a result of conflict between groups representing the competing interests
of citizens. Many Americans believe that the U.S. must become less dependent on foreign
sources of energy. Many also would like people to have access to inexpensive sources of
energy.”
8. Supporting the actions of the Democratic Party simply because one identifies oneself as a
member of that party is an example of ________.
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A. partisanship
“Committed partisanship, which is the tendency to identify with and to support (often blindly) a
particular political party, alienates some Americans who feel that elected representatives should
vote in support of the nation’s best interests instead of voting in the way their party wishes them
to.”
9. When a person is asked a question about a political issue that person has little interest in and
has not thought much about, the person’s answer will likely reflect ________.
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D. latent preferences
Latent preferences are often shown when someone is asked a question outside of their area of
interest and most of the time done on the spot.
“Latent preferences are not deeply held and do not remain the same over time. They may not
even represent a person’s true feelings, since they may be formed on the spot when someone is
asked a question about which they have no real opinion.”
10. What kinds of people are most likely to become active in politics or community service?
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People who are most likely to become active in politics or community services
(according to the text) are people with more money and more education than others.
“In 2020, as was the case in past elections, the percentage of people who reported that they were
regular voters grew as levels of income and education increased.”
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